EAGER: Collaborative Research: Fusion of Data and Power for a Controllable Delivery Power Grid

目前，配电系统依赖于永久供电的电网——电力不断地从供应商传输到用户。因此，负载可以在未经提供商事先同意的情况下连接到电网，从而导致负载随意接入，从而对电网的稳定性造成压力。需要安全裕度来满足突发和自发的需求。与此同时，可再生能源的间歇性供应又给平衡现有电网带来了另一个紧迫条件。最后，随意且基本上不受限制的电力获取是以电网脆弱性为代价的，例如级联故障。 PI 提出了一种主动的电网数字管理方法，称为受控输送电网 (CDG)，该方法可以在能量输送之前识别负载。用户拥有特定的地址，并在 CDG 中提前并在特定的时间内发出能源请求。然后分配点管理能量输送的数量和持续时间。 PI 的中心假设是，源自网络管理和控制研究的技术可以应用于智能电网，从而实现更高效、更稳健和更安全的能源输送。 这个高风险/高回报的提案将调查这种方法的可行性。 通过实施和使用微电网试验台，PI建议分析数字数据和高压信号融合的可行性，并在使用CDG框架的同时展示替代能源（例如太阳能）与微电网的无缝集成。 PI 还将研究 CDG 框架的电力分配和分配方法。 这一新颖的概念确定了向特定用户有针对性地输送能源，从而同时最大限度地减少总体电力开销并保护不可再生能源。这个新电网还将提高针对故障的鲁棒性，并通过主动浪涌管理实现服务突然恢复、实时协商降低电价以换取较低消耗的能力，以及在不影响电网稳定性的情况下将替代能源的能源输送回电网的能力。

Currently, electrical power distribution systems rely on permanently energized grids - electricity is transmitted constantly from the provider to users. Consequently, loads can be connected to the power grid without prior consent from the provider, giving rise to discretionary load access and thereby straining the grid's stability. Safety margins are required to satisfy sudden and spontaneous demands. At the same time, the intermittent availability of renewable sources adds yet another pressing condition on balancing existing grids. Finally, the discretionary and essentially unrestricted access to power comes at the price of grid vulnerabilities, such as cascading failures. The PIs propose a proactive digital management approach to the power grid called the controlled-delivery grid (CDG), which is cognizant of the load before energy is delivered. Users have specific addresses and issue requests for energy in advance and for a specific duration of time in the CDG. Distribution points then manage the amount and duration of energy delivery. The PIs central hypothesis is that techniques derived from network management and control research can be applied to the smart grid enabling more efficient, more robust, and more secure delivery of energy. This high-risk / high-reward proposal will investigate feasibility of this approach. Through the implementation and use of a micro-grid test bed, the PIs propose to analyze the feasibility of fusion of digital data and high-voltage signals and demonstrate seamless integration of alternative energy sources (e.g., solar energy) with the micro-grid while using the CDG's framework. The PIs will also study methods for allocation and distribution of electrical power for a CDG framework. The novel concept ascertains targeted delivery of energy to specific users, thus simultaneously minimizing overall power overhead and conservation of non-renewable energy resources. This new grid will also increase robustness against failures and enable sudden resumption of service through proactive surge management, an ability to negotiate reduced power rates in return for lower consumption in real time, and an ability to route energy from alternative sources back to the grid without compromising grid stability.