Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Power Relationships and Accommodation in Frontier Regions

该项目的目标是调查帝国印加车站的结构和功能，以及它的建设和维护给当地土著社区的生活方式带来的变化。虽然研究古代和历史人类社会的研究人员长期以来一直试图了解帝国征服和控制合并臣民的各种形式，但人们对帝国内部当地人口的活动越来越感兴趣。尽管“帝国”一词在今天很少用来指政治国家，但许多国家实际上符合这个定义，因为它们是由在中央控制下聚集在一起的多个民族组成的。仅通过对书面材料的分析很难理解帝国是如何发展起来的，因为这些材料往往忽视了社会中非精英成员的行为和动机。然而，对帝国统治下的小规模定居点进行考古调查，可以有效地开始完善对土著居民抵制、勉强接受或热衷于与帝国尺子合作的方式的学术理解。因此，考古学允许对帝国进行更全面的考虑，在这种考虑中，帝国社会内所有社会群体的活动，而不仅仅是最有权势的个人，都可能受到审查。该项目将提供大量与国际同行和当地社区合作的机会，收集的考古遗迹将成为研究区域内未来博物馆设施的基础。德克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校的马修·沃伦将开展一个考古研究项目，调查帝国殖民在一个激烈争议的边境地区的政治和经济影响，以及随后土著居民社会组织和活动的变化。通过关注殖民边疆背景下不同群体的不同角色，这项研究将有助于从理论上加深对古代和现代边疆地区社会过程的理解。这项研究将在玻利维亚圣克鲁斯省西部的圣伊西德罗河谷进行，这是因卡斯人的前领土，在安第斯帝国最后几年经历了一系列原住民对热带低地的入侵。实地工作将包括对更广泛的研究区域进行考古调查，对中央印加遗址和几个古老的土著定居点进行挖掘，以及对所有被发现的考古材料进行深入分析。由此得到的数据将使人们能够检查该地区并入帝国后当地人民所参与的努力，以及他们在多大程度上参与了INKAS对东安第斯山谷的防御，以抵御对双方都构成威胁的敌意侵略者。

The goal of this project is to investigate the structure and function of an imperial Inka waystation and changes to the lifeways of local indigenous communities that its construction and maintenance generated. While researchers of ancient and historical human societies have long sought to understand the various forms of imperial conquest and control over incorporated subjects, there is an increasing interest in the activities of local populations within empires. Although the term "empire" is rarely used in reference to political states today, many in fact fit this definition because they consist of amalgams of ethnic groups brought together under a central control. Understanding how empires developed is difficult to obtain through analyses of written materials alone, because these tend to ignore the actions and motivations of the non-elite members of societies. However, archaeological investigations of the smaller-scale settlements brought under imperial rule can effectively begin to refine scholarly understandings of the ways in which indigenous populations resisted, grudgingly accepted, or eagerly collaborated with their imperial rulers. Archaeology thereby allows for the development of more comprehensive considerations of empires in which the activities of all social groups within imperial society, not just the most powerful individuals, may be subject to scrutiny. The project will provide ample opportunities for collaboration with international colleagues and local communities, and the collected archaeological remains will form the basis for a future museum facility within the study area.Matthew Warren, of the University of Texas at San Antonio, will carry out an archaeological research project to investigate the political and economic effects of imperial colonization in a violently disputed borderland region and the subsequent changes in social organization and activities of its indigenous inhabitants. By focusing on the varying roles of the different groups involved in a colonial frontier context, this study will help to advance theoretical understandings of the social processes at work within ancient and modern borderland regions alike. The study will be conducted in the San Isidro river valley of western Santa Cruz department, Bolivia, a former territory of the Inkas that experienced a series of invasions by peoples native to the tropical lowlands during the Andean empire's final years. The fieldwork will consist of an archaeological survey of the broader study area, excavations at the central Inka site and several ancient indigenous settlements, and an in-depth analysis of the all of the recovered archaeological materials. The resultant data will permit an examination of the efforts in which local peoples were involved following the incorporation of the area into the empire, and the extent to which they participated with the Inkas in their defense of the eastern Andean valleys against hostile invaders that represented a threat to both parties.