Collaborative Research: Improving our Understanding of Chinese Haze Events by Quantifying the Formation Mechanisms of Sulfate and Nitrate Aerosol in Beijing

合作研究：通过量化北京硫酸盐和硝酸盐气溶胶的形成机制来提高我们对中国雾霾事件的理解

• 批准号: 1645062
• 负责人: Yuxuan Wang
• 金额: $ 5.73万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1645062&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Improving; our; Understanding

Extreme urban haze is common in China and this pollution is transported over long range to the Pacific and the United States where it can damage human health and ecosystems. Therefore understanding the chemistry that produces this Chinese haze is important to us. Preliminary data and analysis show that current models grossly under-predict the fine particle pollution in this haze in China. This demonstrates that the chemistry in current models is incorrect and that we do not have confidence in their predictions that are used for assessments worldwide. The proposed work will measure the chemical and isotopic composition of the extreme haze in Beijing and analyze it with models to rectify this problem. The results should improve the forecasting of extreme air-pollution in China and also the exposure to the American population since this is transported over the Pacific to the United States.The researchers will collect samples of fine particle pollution in the urban haze in Beijing. The samples will be brought to US where their mass, chemical composition (sulfate and nitrogen), and the oxygen isotopic composition of the fine particle pollution will be measured. The oxygen isotope data will then be used to fingerprint the chemical mechanisms that are amplifying the particle pollution in the haze. A US developed high-resolution chemistry, transport and isotope enable model centered over Beijing that will be adjusted to match the isotope observation. This revised model should be better constrained and more realistically capture the large particle-production measured in the Chinese haze and also its long-range transport to the United States.

极端的城市雾霾在中国很常见，这种污染会远距离传输到太平洋和美国，在那里它会损害人类健康和生态系统。因此，了解产生这种中国雾霾的化学物质对我们来说很重要。初步数据和分析表明，目前的模型严重低估了中国雾霾中的细颗粒物污染。这表明，目前模型中的化学成分是不正确的，我们对他们用于全球评估的预测没有信心。拟议的工作将测量北京极端雾霾的化学和同位素组成，并用模型进行分析，以纠正这个问题。这一结果应该会改善中国对极端空气污染的预测，也会改善美国人口的暴露，因为这些空气是通过太平洋输送到美国的。研究人员将收集北京城市雾霾中的细颗粒物污染样本。这些样本将被带到美国，在那里将测量它们的质量、化学成分(硫酸盐和氮)以及细颗粒物污染的氧同位素组成。氧同位素数据随后将被用来确定放大雾霾中颗粒污染的化学机制。美国开发的以北京为中心的高分辨率化学、运输和同位素使能模式将进行调整，以与同位素观测相匹配。这个修改后的模型应该被更好地约束，更现实地捕捉到在中国雾霾中测量到的大颗粒产生，以及它向美国的长距离输送。

项目成果

Fine-particle pH for Beijing winter haze as inferred from different thermodynamic equilibrium models

从不同热力学平衡模型推断北京冬季雾霾的细颗粒pH值

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-7423-2018
• 发表时间: 2018-05
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Song S.J.;Gao M.;Xu W.Q.;Shao J.Y.;Shi G.L.;Wang S.X.;Wang Y.X.;Sun Y.L.;McElroy M. B.
• 通讯作者: McElroy M. B.

Heterogeneous sulfate aerosol formation mechanisms during wintertime Chinese haze events: air quality model assessment using observations of sulfate oxygen isotopes in Beijing

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-6107-2019
• 发表时间: 2019-05-08
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Shao, Jingyuan;Chen, Qianjie;Alexander, Becky
• 通讯作者: Alexander, Becky

Isotopic constraints on heterogeneous sulfate production in Beijing haze

北京雾霾中异质硫酸盐生成的同位素限制

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-5515-2018
• 发表时间: 2018-04-23
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: He, Pengzhen;Alexander, Becky;Xie, Zhouqing
• 通讯作者: Xie, Zhouqing