Workshop: Comparative Principles of Brain Architecture and Function, San Diego, CA, November 17-18, 2016

进化导致了广泛的神经结构，允许特定的行为适应一个分类单元的生活史。跨物种比较这些神经组织可以帮助我们理解电路结构和动力学的基本原理，这些原理是跨系统发育谱神经系统功能的基础，并强调产生给定行为功能的替代神经策略。这个关于大脑结构和功能的比较原则的研讨会试图在一个广泛的比较背景下阐明功能性大脑结构的共同原则。研讨会汇集了研究不同动物模型的研究人员，使用各种现代分子、成像、生理、行为和理论方法来研究神经系统结构和功能，以解决从规范动物模型中吸取的经验教训，确定跨尺度研究神经系统回路运作和功能的障碍和障碍。并讨论克服这些障碍的策略，并使对功能性大脑结构一般原则的新见解得以发展。为了实现这一目标，研讨会跨越组织的尺度，从整个神经系统到特定的电路，在主要分支的代表性物种中。会议由演讲、小组讨论和公开讨论组成，最后的研讨会讨论将为发表在同行评审期刊上的研讨会报告奠定基础。重要的是，与全球努力推进我们对大脑的理解一致，研讨会包括来自美国、日本和其他几个国家的参与者。此外，为了加强神经科学的多样性和培训，研讨会安排邀请年轻和代表性不足的科学家参加演讲和讨论，并在国内和国际比较神经生物学领域建立联系。该研讨会将在神经科学学会年度会议之后举行，该会议有来自全球的30,000多名神经科学家参加。工作坊涵盖了从整个大脑组织到神经回路和行为，以及神经回路结构和功能的遗传和理论方法。研讨会形式包括会议和小组讨论，旨在促进使用不同组织、方法和概念框架的小组之间的思想交流。为了在下一代神经生物学家中培养比较和跨学科的方法，研讨会还包括一个海报会议，让学生和博士后学员展示和讨论他们的工作。此外，还提供了许多小组和一对一讨论的机会。讲习班形式的这些不同元素使讲习班非常有助于促进跨越实验模型和探究方法的新的国家和国际合作。由于多样性是研讨会成功的关键，与会者包括来自不同国家的成熟和早期职业调查者和受训人员，以及妇女和少数民族。他们的集体见解对研讨会的成功起到了重要作用，在揭示电路结构和功能的比较原理方面，他们提出了新的想法和策略。

Evolution has led to a wide range of neural architectures that allow for specialized behavioral adaptation to a taxon's life history. Comparing these neural organizations across species can help us understand fundamental, cross-cutting principles of circuit structure and dynamics that underlie the functionality of nervous systems across the phylogenetic spectrum and highlight alternative neural strategies for generating a given behavioral function. This workshop on Comparative Principles of Brain Architecture and Function seeks to elucidate common principles of functional brain architecture in a broad comparative context. The workshop brings together investigators working in different animal models using various contemporary molecular, imaging, physiological, behavioral, and theoretical approaches to nervous system structure and function to address lessons learned from canonical animal models, identify obstacles and barriers in studying nervous system circuit operation and function across scales, and discuss strategies forward to overcome these barriers and enable the development of new insights into general principles of functional brain architecture. To accomplish this goal, workshop sessions move across scales of organization from whole nervous systems to specific circuits, in representative species from major clades. Sessions are comprised of a combination of presentations, panel discussions, and open discussions, with a final workshop discussion that lays the groundwork for a Workshop Report to be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Importantly, in alignment with global efforts in advancing our understanding the brain, the workshop includes participants from the US, Japan, and several other nations. Further, to strengthen diversity and training in neuroscience, the workshop is arranged to invite junior and underrepresented scientists to participate in the presentations and discussions, and establish connections in the field of comparative neurobiology nationally and internationally.The workshop takes place over 2 days immediately following the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, an event attended by over 30,000 neuroscientists from around the globe. The workshop covers topics from whole brain organization to neural circuits and behavior, and genetic as well as theoretical approaches to neural circuit structure and function. The workshop format, which includes sessions and panel discussions, is organized to promote the sharing of ideas between groups using different organisms, methodologies, and conceptual frameworks. Toward the goal of nurturing comparative and interdisciplinary approaches among the next generation of neurobiologists, the workshop also includes a poster session at which student and postdoctoral trainees present and discuss their work. Additionally, many opportunities for small-group and one-on-one discussions are provided. These different elements of the workshop format render the workshop highly conducive to the fostering of new national and international collaborations that cut across experimental models and methods of inquiry. As diversity is the key to the success of the workshop, participants include established as well as early career investigators and trainees from different nations, as well as women and minorities. Their collective insights are instrumental to the workshop's success in leading to the development of new ideas and strategies toward uncovering comparative principles of circuit structure and function.