EAGER: The ecosystem consequences of management disturbances: examining the community-trait-function relationships of consumers in a restored grassland

EAGER：管理干扰的生态系统后果：检查恢复草原中消费者的群落特征功能关系

• 批准号: 1647502
• 负责人: Holly Jones
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Northern Illinois University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1647502&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; ecosystem; consequences; management; disturbances

Ecosystems carry out a wide range of processes, including services that benefit people such as providing clean air, water, pollination of crops, and productive soils. These processes depend on diverse communities of plants, animals, and other organisms with a wide variety of traits - characteristics of plants and animals that shape how they interact in ecosystems. Human activities that shift communities, such as ecosystem degradation and restoration, have the potential to alter ecosystem processes. This project will examine how management actions in a restored grassland shape the species and trait compositions of plant and animal communities and the ecosystem processes that these species drive. Results will provide guidance on how land managers can maximize the benefits of ecosystems to nature and to society. Collaborations with the research site managers will allow education and outreach opportunities to members of the public who visit the site, including class field trips, and the project will train both graduate and undergraduate students in the practice and communication of science. This project will examine the community and ecosystem function consequences of changes in environmental context resulting from three landscape-scale management actions: reintroduction of megaherbivore grazers (bison), large predator removal, and application of prescribed fires in restored tallgrass prairies. It will advance knowledge of community-trait-function relationships by including consumers in interactions spanning entire food webs and expanding to a relevant landscape scale. Researchers will measure both traits and ecosystem function changes resulting from management actions in two food web modules. The first module includes plants and herbivores (insect and small mammal) and their impacts on primary productivity and litter decomposition through changes in plant traits and herbivore foraging specialization and the degree to which herbivores use a wide variety of food resources (niche breadth) as measured by stable isotopes. The second module is dung decomposers and their effects on soil processes (carbon and nitrogen cycling and decomposition rates) through changes in morphology, foraging strategies, and phenology. Results will reveal how the trait composition of communities mediates the relationship between environmental context and ecosystem function. Ultimately this research will lay the groundwork for studies manipulating the species- and trait-composition of consumer communities. Further, by performing this work in a restored system and in concert with managers, it helps close the loop between researchers and natural resource managers.

生态系统进行了广泛的过程，包括有益于人们提供清洁空气，水，农作物授粉和生产性土壤的服务。 这些过程取决于具有各种特征的植物，动物和其他生物的各种社区 - 动植物在生态系统中相互作用的动植物的特征。改变社区的人类活动，例如生态系统退化和恢复，有可能改变生态系统过程。 该项目将研究经过修复的草地中的管理行动如何塑造动植物群落的物种和特征组成以及这些物种驱动的生态系统过程。 结果将为土地管理者如何最大化生态系统对自然和社会的好处提供指导。 与研究网站经理的合作将允许向访问该网站的公众（包括班级旅行）的公众成员进行教育和推广机会，该项目将在科学实践和交流中培训研究生和本科生。 该项目将研究由三个景观规模管理措施引起的环境环境变化的社区和生态系统功能的后果：重新引入大型养生者放牧者（野牛），大型捕食者去除以及在还原的塔格拉斯大草原中施加了处方大火。 它将通过将消费者包括在整个食物网和扩展到相关景观量表的互动中，从而提高人们对社区特征功能关系的了解。 研究人员将衡量特征和生态系统功能的变化，这是由于两个食品网络模块中的管理措施而产生的。 第一个模块包括植物和食草动物（昆虫和小型哺乳动物）及其对主要生产力和垃圾分解的影响，通过植物特征和草食动物觅食专业化以及食草动物使用多种食物资源（NICHE宽度）的程度，如稳定的同位素所测量的程度。 第二个模块是粪便分解剂及其对土壤过程（碳和氮循环和分解速率）的影响，通过形态学，觅食策略和物候学的变化。 结果将揭示社区的特征组成如何介导环境环境和生态系统功能之间的关系。 最终，这项研究将为操纵消费者社区的物种和特质组成的研究奠定基础。 此外，通过在恢复的系统中并与经理共同执行这项工作，它有助于关闭研究人员与自然资源经理之间的循环。

项目成果

Grassland restoration characteristics influence phylogenetic and taxonomic structure of plant communities and suggest assembly mechanisms

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13250
• 发表时间: 2019-09-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Barber, Nicholas A.;Farrell, Anna K.;Jones, Holly P.
• 通讯作者: Jones, Holly P.

Is phylogenetic and functional trait diversity a driver or a consequence of grassland community assembly?

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13260
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Journal of Ecology
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: H. Jones;N. Barber;D. Gibson

Initial Responses of Dung Beetle Communities to Bison Reintroduction in Restored and Remnant Tallgrass Prairie

粪甲虫群落对恢复和残余高草草原野牛重新引入的初步反应

• DOI: 10.3375/043.039.0405
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Natural Areas Journal
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Barber, Nicholas A.;Hosler, Sheryl C.;Whiston, Peyton;Jones, Holly P.
• 通讯作者: Jones, Holly P.

Effects of management outweigh effects of plant diversity on restored animal communities in tallgrass prairies

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015421118
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
• 作者: P. Guiden;N. Barber;Ryan C. Blackburn;Anna K. Farrell;Jessica Fliginger;Sheryl C. Hosler;R. King;Melissa Nelson;Erin G Rowland;Kirstie Savage;J. Vanek;H. Jones