CEDAR: Establishing a Meteor Radar at Poker Flat Research Range to Understand the Wind-Driven Circulation and Coupling of the Arctic Atmosphere

中层和低层热层 (MLT) 区域（80 至 105 公里）内的高层大气不断充满由各种天气相关源在低层大气中产生的波或极光活动产生的波。该合同将部署到位于阿拉斯加费尔班克斯附近的 Poker Flat 火箭靶场，这是一个最先进的流星雷达系统，可以进行中层大气风测量，具有良好的高度分辨率（1-2 公里）和良好的时间分辨率（30 至 60 分钟）。该仪器的用途是昼夜不间断地研究北极MLT地区的动态。这些新的风观测结果将被整合到一项研究中，该研究结合了雷达和激光雷达测量、卫星测量和气象再分析，以了解北极极地大气的波浪驱动环流。卫星观测和气象再分析产生了中间层、平流层和对流层的天气尺度测量结果。 激光雷达观测产生高分辨率的高度剖面温度和密度测量结果，从而可以表征现有的行星波、潮汐和重力波。新雷达将产生准确的 MLT 风测量，从而完成这些波浪的表征，并将支持旨在提高对波浪驱动的全球环流的理解的建模工作。研究人员将使用或重新分析 MERRA（80 公里以下的低层大气）和 SABRE 剖面数据（覆盖 90 至 110 公里范围内的更高海拔）来表征天气平流层和低中层活动。雷达观测将有助于了解热层中高能粒子沉淀产生的氮化合物通过穿过 MLT 区域进入平流层和臭氧层对低层大气成分的贡献程度。这个新奖项的活动将支持科学与工程学生的教育和培训。该奖项将扩大北极地区的研究基础设施，特别是在扑克平原火箭靶场，加强国际和国家合作，并促进观察者和建模者之间的合作。研究结果将纳入阿拉斯加大学的项目中，并通过各种专业、教育和外展项目进行传播。基于温度和压力测量以及梯度风的分析用于描述平流层和中层下部的行星波活动，环流遵循明确的气旋和反气旋天气模式。然而，直接风测量在较高海拔地区变得越来越重要，其中较短周期波浪和潮汐的幅度是风的最大组成部分。该活动将提供新的观察结果以及理解这些相互作用的连贯框架。

The upper atmosphere within the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) regions (80 to 105 km) is continually populated with waves generated in the lower atmosphere by a variety of weather-related sources or with waves generated by auroral activity. This award would deploy to the Poker Flat rocket range located near Fairbanks, Alaska, a state-of-the-art meteor radar system that would make middle atmosphere wind measurements with good height resolution (1-2 km) and good temporal resolution (30 to 60 min). The application of this instrument is to study the dynamics of the Arctic MLT region continually day and night. These new wind observations would be integrated into a study that combines radar and lidar measurements, satellite measurements, and meteorological re-analyses, to understand the wave-driven circulation of the Arctic polar atmosphere. The satellite observations and meteorological re-analyses yield synoptic-scale measurements of the mesosphere, stratosphere and troposphere. The lidar observations yield high-resolution height profile temperature and density measurements that allow characterization of the existing planetary waves, tides, and gravity waves. The new radar would yield accurate MLT wind measurements that complete the characterization of these waves and would support modeling efforts aimed at improving the understanding of the wave-driven global circulation. The investigators would use or re-analyze the MERRA (lower atmosphere below 80 km) and SABER profile data (to cover higher altitudes for the range of 90 to 110 km) to characterize the synoptic stratospheric and lower mesospheric activities. The radar observations would help to understand the extent to which nitrogen compounds produced by energetic particle precipitation in the thermosphere contribute to the composition of the lower atmosphere by transport across the MLT region into the stratosphere and the ozone layer. The activity in this new award will support the education and training of students in science and engineering. The award would extend research infrastructure in the Arctic, especially at the Poker Flat Rocket Range, enhance international and national collaborations, and promote collaboration among observers and modelers. The research results will be integrated into the University of Alaska programs and disseminated through a variety of professional, educational, and outreach programs.Analyses based on temperature and pressure measurements and gradient winds are used to describe planetary wave activity in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere, and the circulation follows well-defined synoptic patterns of cyclones and anti-cyclones. However, direct wind measurements are increasingly important at higher altitudes where the amplitudes of shorter-period waves and tides are the largest component of the winds. The activity would provide new observations as well as a coherent framework for understanding these interactions.