Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: The Role of Trade on Rural Development and Network Connections

博士论文改进奖：贸易对农村发展和网络连接的作用

• 批准号: 1651647
• 负责人: Guillermo Algaze
• 金额: $ 2.49万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1651647&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Role

In a world increasingly characterized by conflicts between globalized interests and assertions of local autonomy, it is important for researchers to understand the origins of global systems. Archaeologists are especially well suited to study the development of large-scale social systems as they can trace the growing network of trading connections and political alliances that were made between ancient states and empires. Previous studies of ancient interaction have generally taken a top-down approach, focusing on connections between the centers of ancient states and on the abilities of metropolitan elites to control frontier areas. The present study aims for something different. Mikael Fauvelle, from the University of California at San Diego, will lead an international team of Mexican and U.S. archaeologists to excavate ancient households at the site of Fracción Mujular, a modest residential settlement on the Pacific Coast of Chiapas dating to the 6th century C.E.. Despite its small size, Fracción Mujular maintained strong connections with the distant city of Teotihuacan, the capital of one of the most powerful civilizations that ever developed in pre-contact North America. By excavating a combination of both elite and non-elite households across different areas of Fracción Mujular, this project will investigate how local people from different social strata negotiated their relationships with a distant center of power. This project will conduct the first ever excavations at Fracción Mujular, a site long-known for the Central Mexican stylistic elements found on several of its stone monuments. Although much is known about the relationship between Teotihuacan and the Maya region, comparatively little research has been done in areas in-between. Likewise, most previous research on Teotihuacan interactions in Mesoamerica have focused on elite city centers, rather than secondary sites such as Fracción Mujular. This project will build on a previous season of survey work which mapped the site and found a large amount of imported Central Mexican obsidian in surface deposits. The fact that multiple lines of evidence for Central Mexican connections are combined in a relatively modest residential context makes Fracción Mujular an excellent place to test hypotheses regarding how regional interactions during the Early Classic period affected people living in second-tier settlements. By excavating test units on the flanks of housemounds from different functional areas of the site, the project will also examine how regional interactions played out across different social strata and through different time periods. Work at Fracción Mujular will test new models for regional interaction, take important steps towards better understanding an important period of North American history, and contribute an important case study to our understanding of the expansion of early states.

在一个日益以全球化利益和地方自治主张之间的冲突为特征的世界中，研究人员必须了解全球系统的起源。 考古学家特别适合研究大规模社会系统的发展，因为他们可以追踪古代国家和帝国之间不断增长的贸易联系和政治联盟网络。 以往对古代互动的研究一般采取自上而下的方法，关注古代国家中心之间的联系以及都市精英控制边疆地区的能力。 本研究的目的有所不同。 来自圣地亚哥加州大学的Mikael Fauvelle将带领一支由墨西哥和美国考古学家组成的国际团队，在Fracción Mujular遗址挖掘古代家庭，这是恰帕斯州太平洋海岸的一个小型住宅区，可追溯到公元6世纪。 尽管面积很小，但Fracción Mujular与遥远的特奥蒂瓦坎市保持着密切的联系，特奥蒂瓦坎是北美接触前最强大的文明之一的首都。 通过挖掘Fracción Mujular不同地区的精英和非精英家庭，该项目将调查来自不同社会阶层的当地人如何与遥远的权力中心谈判他们的关系。 该项目将在Fracción Mujular进行有史以来的首次挖掘，该遗址因其几个石碑上发现的墨西哥中部风格元素而闻名。 虽然人们对特奥蒂瓦坎和玛雅地区之间的关系了解得很多，但对两者之间的地区的研究相对较少。 同样，大多数关于特奥蒂瓦坎人在中美洲互动的研究都集中在精英城市中心，而不是像Fracción Mujular这样的次级场所。 该项目将建立在上一季的调查工作的基础上，该调查工作绘制了该遗址的地图，并在地表沉积物中发现了大量进口的墨西哥中部黑曜石。 事实上，墨西哥中部联系的多条证据线结合在一个相对温和的居住环境中，使得Fracción Mujular成为一个很好的地方来测试关于早期古典时期区域互动如何影响生活在第二层定居点的人们的假设。 通过在场地不同功能区的家犬侧面挖掘测试单元，该项目还将研究不同社会阶层和不同时间段的区域互动。 在Fracción Mujular的工作将测试区域互动的新模式，采取重要步骤，更好地了解北美历史的重要时期，并为我们了解早期国家的扩张提供重要的案例研究。