CAREER: The Influence of Gene Flow on Inbreeding Depression and Local Adaptation: Replicated Experiments in Isolated Wild Populations

职业：基因流对近交抑制和局部适应的影响：在隔离野生种群中的重复实验

• 批准号: 1652278
• 负责人: Andrew Whiteley
• 金额: $ 81.35万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1652278&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Influence; Gene; Flow; Inbreeding

Most species are comprised of multiple populations that exchange genes to some extent. Whether this exchange of genetic material has positive or negative effects on population persistence is a longstanding but still unresolved issue in evolutionary biology. This issue has conservation relevance in the context of habitat fragmentation. Habitat fragmentation is a major threat to natural populations of many species because it prevents genetic exchange and isolates populations. Small and isolated populations often suffer from a loss of genetic diversity, increased inbreeding, and a reduced ability to adapt to new environmental conditions. The goal of this project is to experimentally induce genetic exchange in isolated natural trout populations as a window into understanding the effects of gene flow. This work will help resolve longstanding questions in evolutionary biology and will help to inform conservation and management. There is substantial interest in using strategic translocations of animals or plants to help save isolated populations from extinction. However, concerns about the possible negative consequences of genetic exchange have limited the application of this management approach. The educational components of this research will teach management professionals and Montana students, at all educational levels, about the application of genetic principles to conservation. This project will test the costs and benefits of experimental pulses of gene flow into isolated populations of trout in both the eastern and western United States. In the first study system, experimental gene flow from outbred immigrants into inbred recipient populations is predicted to have a positive fitness effect through the alleviation of inbreeding. In the second study system, experimental gene flow from inbred immigrants into inbred recipient populations is predicted to have negligible fitness effects because inbred immigrants will not mask deleterious alleles in inbred recipient populations. The work will examine the possible negative effects of gene flow at organismal and genome levels in both study systems. The project will also use innovative educational approaches to increase knowledge of genetic principles in current wildlife professionals, future professionals currently enrolled as undergraduates in the nation's leading Wildlife Biology program, and rural Montana middle school children.

大多数物种由多个种群组成，它们在一定程度上交换基因。这种遗传物质的交换是否对种群持久性有积极或消极的影响是进化生物学中一个长期存在但仍未解决的问题。在生境破碎化的背景下，这个问题具有保护意义。栖息地破碎化是对许多物种自然种群的主要威胁，因为它阻碍了遗传交换并使种群隔离。小而孤立的种群经常遭受遗传多样性丧失、近亲繁殖增加和适应新环境条件的能力下降的痛苦。该项目的目标是通过实验诱导分离的天然鳟鱼种群的基因交换，作为了解基因流动影响的窗口。这项工作将有助于解决进化生物学中长期存在的问题，并有助于为保护和管理提供信息。人们对利用动物或植物的战略性易位来帮助拯救孤立的种群免于灭绝非常感兴趣。然而，对遗传交换可能产生的负面后果的担忧限制了这种管理方法的应用。这项研究的教育部分将教授管理专业人员和蒙大拿州各级教育的学生关于遗传原理在保护中的应用。这个项目将测试在美国东部和西部分离的鳟鱼种群中进行基因流实验脉冲的成本和收益。在第一个研究系统中，实验基因从远交系移民流入近交系受体群体，预计通过减轻近交系，具有积极的适应度效应。在第二个研究系统中，从近交系移民到近交系受体群体的实验基因流预计具有可忽略不计的适应度效应，因为近交系移民不会掩盖近交系受体群体中的有害等位基因。这项工作将在两个研究系统中检查基因流动在生物体和基因组水平上可能产生的负面影响。该项目还将采用创新的教育方法，增加当前野生动物专业人员、目前在全国领先的野生动物生物学项目中注册的未来专业人员以及蒙大拿州农村中学生的遗传原理知识。

项目成果

The ecological causes and consequences of hard and soft selection

• DOI: 10.1111/ele.13754
• 发表时间: 2021-04-30
• 期刊: ECOLOGY LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.8
• 作者: Bell, Donovan A.;Kovach, Ryan P.;Reed, Thomas E.
• 通讯作者: Reed, Thomas E.

Experimental test of genetic rescue in isolated populations of brook trout

溪鳟分离种群遗传拯救的实验测试

• DOI: 10.1111/mec.14225
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Robinson, Zachary L.;Coombs, Jason A.;Hudy, Mark;Nislow, Keith H.;Letcher, Benjamin H.;Whiteley, Andrew R.
• 通讯作者: Whiteley, Andrew R.

Connecting research and practice to enhance the evolutionary potential of species under climate change

将研究与实践联系起来，增强气候变化下物种的进化潜力

• DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12855
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Conservation Science and Practice
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Thompson, Laura M.;Thurman, Lindsey L.;Cook, Carly N.;Beever, Erik A.;Sgrò, Carla M.;Battles, Andrew;Botero, Carlos A.;Gross, John E.;Hall, Kimberly R.;Hendry, Andrew P.
• 通讯作者: Hendry, Andrew P.

Population Genetics of Brook Trout in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

• DOI: 10.1002/tafs.10337
• 发表时间: 2022-01-07
• 期刊: TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: Kazyak，David C.;Lubinski，Barbara A.;King，Tim L.
• 通讯作者: King，Tim L.