Collaborative Research: Studies of Magnetospheric and Ionospheric Dynamics Using the Magnetometer Array for Cusp and Cleft Studies (MACCS)

该合同将继续用于尖端和裂缝研究的磁力计阵列（MACCS）网络的运行，并与其他地面和空间研究团队合作，传播其数据和对MACCS数据的科学分析。MACCS是覆盖加拿大东部北极高纬度地区（75-85N）的高纬度磁通门磁力计纵向阵列，在现有的加拿大和格陵兰阵列之间提供连续性的空间覆盖。MACCS对这些极端纬度的极低频波和瞬变的研究，以及磁层-电离层耦合、电离层对流、磁暴和亚暴过程的大型合作研究做出了贡献。几个MACCS站的位置在SuperDARN / PolarDARN雷达网络的视场下，它们接近加拿大Resolute湾的AMISR雷达系统的视场，四个MACCS站与美国南极站的名义“共轭”，以及最近增加的双高采样率GPS TEC接收器，使额外的比较研究成为可能，这将是相当丰富的可能的变革性结果。每个MACCS站点几乎实时地传输数据（两个通过铱星，六个通过本地无线互联网）。MACCS阵列提供的地面磁场观测将继续在磁层和电离层研究中发挥重要作用，并将继续为各种地球空间现象的研究提供关键数据，包括太阳风-磁层和磁层-电离层相互作用、磁层高纬度极帽区动力学、地磁风暴和亚风暴。对MACCS数据的科学分析将侧重于高纬度极低频波的详细研究，利用范艾伦探测器和SWARM提供的多仪器地基和卫星数据，以及研究极低频波在磁暴期间激发或耗尽辐射带电子中的作用。超高频波在全球磁层-电离层系统中的激发和传播的理论研究和建模研究（使用空间天气建模框架），以及探索所涉及的物理机制将是本奖项所涵盖的科学问题的特定方面。

This award would continue the operations of the Magnetometer Array for Cusp and Cleft Studies (MACCS) network combined with the dissemination of its data and the scientific analysis of MACCS data in collaboration with other ground-based and space-based research teams. MACCS is a longitudinal array of high latitude fluxgate magnetometers covering the Eastern Canadian Arctic at high latitudes(75-85N), providing continuity of spatial coverage between existing Canadian and Greenland arrays. MACCS has contributed to the study of ULF waves and transients at these extreme latitudes as well as large cooperative studies of magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, ionospheric convection, and magnetic storm and substorm processes. The combination of the location of several MACCS stations under the field of view of the SuperDARN / PolarDARN radar network, their proximity to the field of view of the AMISR radar system at Resolute Bay, Canada, and the nominal "conjugacy" of four MACCS stations with U. S. Antarctic stations as well as the recent addition of dual high-sampling-rate GPS TEC receivers makes possible additional comparative studies that would be quite rich in possible transformative outcomes. Each MACCS site transmits data in near real time (two through Iridium, six through the local wireless internet. The MACCS array has provided ground-based magnetic field observations that will continue to play a fundamental role in magnetospheric and ionospheric research and will continue to provide critical data for studies of various geospace phenomena including solar wind-magnetosphere and magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions, the dynamics of the high latitude polar cap regions of the magnetosphere, and geomagnetic storms and substorms. The scientific analysis of MACCS data would focus on the topics such as the detailed studies of high-latitude ULF waves, using multi-instrument ground-based and satellite data from the Van Allen Probes and SWARM and studies of the role of ULF waves in energizing or depleting radiation belt electrons during magnetic storms. Theoretical studies and modeling studies (using the Space Weather Modeling Framework) of the excitation and propagation of ULF waves through the global magnetosphere-ionosphere system, and exploring the physical mechanisms involved would be particular aspects of the science issues covered in this award.