Collaborative Research: Ground-Based Studies of High-Latitude Magnetospheric and Ionospheric Dynamics Using the Magnetometer Array for Cusp and Cleft Studies (MACCS)

合作研究：使用磁力计阵列进行尖点和裂口研究（MACCS）的高纬度磁层和电离层动力学地面研究

• 批准号: 2013433
• 负责人: Mark Moldwin
• 金额: $ 62.44万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2013433&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ground; Based; Studies

Ground-based magnetic field observations continue to play a fundamental role in magnetospheric and ionospheric research. The Magnetometer Array for Cusp and Cleft Studies (MACCS) is an NSF-funded ground-based array that records and disseminates important magnetic field measurements for scientific analyses. MACCS is the only longitudinally-spaced cusp-latitude array in existence and will continue to provide critical data for studies of geospace phenomena including solar wind-magnetosphere and magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions, the dynamics of the cusp/boundary layer/mantle/polar cap regions of the magnetosphere, geomagnetic storms and substorms, and localized instabilities that produce large geomagnetically induced currents which can cause power grid blackouts on Earth. Therefore, MACCS supports understanding and preparation for extreme space weather events which are a risk to national security. Additionally, this project supports the training of undergraduate and graduate student researchersThe project will continue operation of MACCS, an important magnetometer array that has been funded by NSF since 1991 and continue dissemination of the MACCS dataset to the scientific community. A new low-cost magneto-inductive magnetometer sensor will be deployed and tested at MACCS sites. Additionally, scientific studies will focus on: (1) performing detailed studies of high-latitude ULF waves, using multi-instrument ground-based and satellite data including MMS, the Van Allen Probes, and SWARM, (2) Continuing studies of nighttime impulsive magnetic perturbations relevant to geomagnetically induced currents, (3) combining GPS data and magnetic field data from MACCS and neighboring arrays to better understand the dynamics of the ionospheric projections of dayside and nightside boundary domains, (4) using machine learning techniques to study factors influencing relativistic electron fluxes, (5) producing higher-level data products characterizing global ULF waves and turbulence, and (6) carrying out theoretical studies and modeling studies using the Space Weather Modeling Framework of the excitation and propagation of ULF waves through the global magnetosphere-ionosphere system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地面磁场观测在磁层和电离层研究中继续发挥着基础作用。尖端和裂缝研究磁力计阵列（MACCS）是一个由美国国家科学基金会资助的地面阵列，用于记录和传播重要的磁场测量数据，用于科学分析。MACCS是目前存在的唯一纵向间隔的尖端-纬度阵列，将继续为地球空间现象的研究提供关键数据，包括太阳风-磁层和磁层-电离层相互作用，磁层尖端/边界层/地幔/极帽区域的动力学，地磁风暴和亚风暴，以及产生大地磁感应电流的局部不稳定，这些不稳定会导致地球电网停电。因此，MACCS支持了解和准备对国家安全构成威胁的极端空间天气事件。该项目将继续运行自1991年以来由美国国家科学基金会资助的重要磁强计阵列MACCS，并继续向科学界传播MACCS数据集。一种新的低成本磁感应磁强计传感器将在MACCS站点部署和测试。此外，科学研究将集中在：(1)利用包括MMS、Van Allen探测器和SWARM在内的多仪器地基和卫星数据对高纬度极低频波进行详细研究；(2)继续研究与地磁感应电流相关的夜间脉冲磁扰动；(3)结合GPS数据和MACCS及邻近阵列的磁场数据，更好地了解电离层昼侧和夜侧边界域投影的动力学；(4)利用机器学习技术研究影响相对论性电子通量的因素；(5)产生表征全球极低频波和湍流的更高水平数据产品；(6)利用空间天气建模框架对极低频波在全球磁层-电离层系统中的激发和传播进行理论研究和建模研究。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

SECS Analysis of Nighttime Magnetic Perturbation Events Observed in Arctic Canada

加拿大北极地区观测到的夜间磁扰动事件的 SECS 分析

• DOI: 10.1029/2021ja029839
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: Weygand, James M.;Engebretson, Mark J.;Pilipenko, Viacheslav A.;Steinmetz, Erik S.;Moldwin, Mark B.;Connors, Martin G.;Nishimura, Yukitoshi;Lyons, Larry R.;Russell, Christopher T.;Ohtani, Shin‐Ichi
• 通讯作者: Ohtani, Shin‐Ichi

Links of the Plasmapause With Other Boundary Layers of the Magnetosphere: Ionospheric Convection, Radiation Belt Boundaries, Auroral Oval

• DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2021.728531
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: V. Pierrard;E. Botek;J. Ripoll;S. Thaller;M. Moldwin;M. Ruohoniemi;G. Reeves

Characterization of Transient‐Large‐Amplitude Geomagnetic Perturbation Events

瞬态大振幅地磁扰动事件的表征

• DOI: 10.1029/2021gl094076
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: McCuen, Brett A.;Moldwin, Mark B.;Engebretson, Mark
• 通讯作者: Engebretson, Mark

Global Magnetosphere Response to Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure Pulses During Northward IMF Using the Heliophysics System Observatory

使用太阳物理系统观测站北向 IMF 期间全球磁层对太阳风动态压力脉冲的响应

• DOI: 10.1029/2020ja028587
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: Vidal‐Luengo, S. E.;Moldwin, M. B.
• 通讯作者: Moldwin, M. B.

A Statistical Study of Poleward Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Over the African and American Sectors During Geomagnetic Storms

• DOI: 10.1029/2021ja030162
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: J. Habarulema;Golekamang P. Thaganyana;Z. Katamzi‐Joseph;E. Yizengaw;M. Moldwin;C. Ngwira