CAREER: Eco-geomorphic response of coastal carbon to accelerated sea level rise

职业：沿海碳对海平面加速上升的生态地貌响应

• 批准号: 1654374
• 负责人: Matthew Kirwan
• 金额: $ 67.71万
• 依托单位: College of William & Mary Virginia Institute of Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1654374&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Eco; geomorphic; response; coastal

The objective of this project is to determine how the carbon sequestered in coastal marshes will respond to sea level rise. The research will develop a computer model of tidal marsh carbon cycling that will be tested with data collected from across the Chesapeake Bay region. This work will illuminate how one of the world's largest carbon sinks will respond to climate change, and help land managers evaluate the degree to which marsh migration into drowning uplands will offset losses due to coastal erosion.Marshes and other shallow-water coastal environments are responsible for about half of all marine carbon sequestration, but little is known about how this carbon will respond to sea level rise and growing coastal infrastructure such as levees. Analysis of historical maps and marsh soils will be used to determine how fast carbon-rich marsh soils are developing on drowning land, and whether Chesapeake marshes have grown or contracted in response to the last century of sea level rise. Computer modeling will then be used to predict how marsh size and soil carbon content will respond to future sea level rise. The project will engage local community college and American Indian students, and provide land managers and policy makers with information about the fate and value of a prominent coastal ecosystem.

该项目的目标是确定沿海沼泽地中封存的碳将如何应对海平面上升。这项研究将开发一个潮汐沼泽碳循环的计算机模型，该模型将用从切萨皮克湾地区收集的数据进行测试。这项工作将阐明世界上最大的碳汇之一将如何应对气候变化，并帮助土地管理者评估沼泽迁移到淹没高地将抵消海岸侵蚀造成的损失的程度。沼泽和其他浅水海岸环境约占所有海洋碳汇的一半，但人们对这些碳将如何应对海平面上升和不断增长的沿海基础设施（如堤坝）知之甚少。对历史地图和沼泽土壤的分析将用于确定富碳沼泽土壤在淹没土地上的发展速度，以及切萨皮克沼泽是否因上世纪海平面上升而增长或收缩。然后，将使用计算机建模来预测沼泽面积和土壤碳含量将如何对未来海平面上升作出反应。该项目将吸引当地社区大学和美洲印第安学生的参与，并为土地管理者和决策者提供有关重要沿海生态系统的命运和价值的信息。

项目成果

Compensatory Mechanisms Absorb Regional Carbon Losses Within a Rapidly Shifting Coastal Mosaic

• DOI: 10.1007/s10021-023-00877-7
• 发表时间: 2023-09
• 期刊: Ecosystems
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Alexander J. Smith;Karen McGlathery;Yaping Chen;Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis;S. Doney;K. Gedan;Carly K. LaRoche;Peter Berg;Michael L. Pace;J. Zinnert;M. Kirwan

Variability in marsh migration potential determined by topographic rather than anthropogenic constraints in the Chesapeake Bay region

• DOI: 10.1002/lol2.10262
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography Letters
• 影响因子: 7.8
• 作者: G. D. Molino;J. Carr;N. Ganju;M. Kirwan

Massive Upland to Wetland Conversion Compensated for Historical Marsh Loss in Chesapeake Bay, USA

美国切萨皮克湾的大规模高地向湿地转变弥补了历史上的沼泽损失

• DOI: 10.1007/s12237-017-0336-9
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Estuaries and Coasts
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Schieder, Nathalie W.;Walters, David C.;Kirwan, Matthew L.
• 通讯作者: Kirwan, Matthew L.

Geomorphic and ecological constraints on the coastal carbon sink

• DOI: 10.1038/s43017-023-00429-6
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Nature Reviews Earth & Environment
• 影响因子: 42.1
• 作者: M. Kirwan;J. Megonigal;G. Noyce;Alexander J. Smith

The Effect of Marsh Age on Ecosystem Function in a Rapidly Transgressing Marsh

沼泽年龄对快速海侵沼泽生态系统功能的影响

• DOI: 10.1007/s10021-021-00652-6
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Ecosystems
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Langston, Amy K.;Coleman, Daniel J.;Jung, Nathalie W.;Shawler, Justin L.;Smith, Alexander J.;Williams, Bethany L.;Wittyngham, Serina S.;Chambers, Randolph M.;Perry, James E.;Kirwan, Matthew L.
• 通讯作者: Kirwan, Matthew L.