Collaborative Research: All Birds: A Time-Scaled Avian Tree From Integrated Phylogenomic and Fossil Data

合作研究：所有鸟类：来自综合系统基因组和化石数据的时间尺度鸟类树

• 批准号: 1655559
• 负责人: Frederick Barker
• 金额: $ 3.23万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1655559&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Birds; Time; Scaled

There are over 10,000 species of birds and they are found in nearly every terrestrial environment. This remarkable diversity has served as a critical component of enhancing public engagement with science and nature, as evidenced by the multi-billion dollar output generated by bird-watching activities in the US economy. Birds exhibit complex behaviors, elaborate physical characteristics, and impressive adaptations, which has made them a major focus of modern scientific research. In current research, birds are a model system for comparative studies on a range of fundamental topics in biology. However, the missing piece of this otherwise powerful comparative biology toolkit is an accurate and complete description of the evolutionary relationships (phylogeny) among all bird species, i.e., an avian tree of life. This project will collect DNA data to fill this gap by producing a complete tree of life for all bird species in order to test hypotheses regarding the origins, diversification, and dispersal of birds around the planet. A complete tree will be transformative to fields like ornithology and evolutionary biology. This project will help prepare the next-generation of biodiversity scientists by training undergraduate, graduate, and post-doctoral scientists, and also will include numerous public outreach components including exhibits and videos. Developing learning modules and working with teachers will help bring the research into the classroom, reaching a diversity of students in several states. Finally, the researchers will make all data collected from each bird immediately available to the scientific community and the public to enable broad-scale comparative analyses and integration with other avian data sets."Big trees" - comprehensive species-level phylogenies - are revolutionizing the field of evolutionary biology. This project will generate genome-wide markers for 8,000 species of birds and leverage data products from other NSF-supported studies to produce a phylogenetic hypothesis for all 10,560 bird species. A well-resolved, complete, time-calibrated, species-level phylogeny of birds will allow numerous challenging hypotheses to be tested, provide the conceptual foundation for a phylogenetic revision of bird taxonomy, and permit transformative analyses aimed at elucidating the processes that generate biological diversity. Specific hypotheses to be tested using phylogenies generated by this project include 1) Neoaves underwent a rapid radiation after the K-Pg mass extinction, 2) avian diversification has been shaped by the history of intercontinental dispersal, and 3) species tree methods outperform concatenation in phylogenetic analyses of genome-scale data.

鸟类有 10,000 多种，几乎在每一个陆地环境中都可以找到它们。这种显着的多样性已成为加强公众对科学和自然的参与的关键组成部分，美国经济中观鸟活动产生的数十亿美元的产出就证明了这一点。鸟类表现出复杂的行为、复杂的身体特征和令人印象深刻的适应能力，这使它们成为现代科学研究的主要焦点。在当前的研究中，鸟类是生物学一系列基本主题的比较研究的模型系统。然而，这个强大的比较生物学工具包所缺少的部分是对所有鸟类（即鸟类生命树）之间的进化关系（系统发育）的准确而完整的描述。该项目将收集 DNA 数据来填补这一空白，为所有鸟类制作完整的生命树，以测试有关鸟类在地球上的起源、多样化和扩散的假设。一棵完整的树将对鸟类学和进化生物学等领域产生变革。该项目将通过培训本科生、研究生和博士后科学家来帮助培养下一代生物多样性科学家，还将包括展览和视频等众多公共宣传内容。开发学习模块并与教师合作将有助于将研究带入课堂，惠及多个州的不同学生。 最后，研究人员将从每只鸟类收集的所有数据立即提供给科学界和公众，以便进行大规模的比较分析以及与其他鸟类数据集的整合。“大树”——全面的物种级系统发育——正在彻底改变进化生物学领域。该项目将为 8,000 种鸟类生成全基因组标记，并利用其他 NSF 支持的研究的数据产品，为所有 10,560 种鸟类提出系统发育假设。一个解析良好的、完整的、时间校准的、物种水平的鸟类系统发育将允许测试许多具有挑战性的假设，为鸟类分类学的系统发育修订提供概念基础，并允许旨在阐明产生生物多样性的过程的变革性分析。使用该项目生成的系统发育来测试的具体假设包括：1）新鸟在 K-Pg 大规模灭绝后经历了快速辐射，2）洲际传播历史塑造了鸟类多样化，3）在基因组规模数据的系统发育分析中，物种树方法优于串联方法。

项目成果

A Phylogenomic Supertree of Birds

• DOI: 10.3390/d11070109
• 发表时间: 2019-07-01
• 期刊: DIVERSITY-BASEL
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Kimball, Rebecca T.;Oliveros, Carl H.;Braun, Edward L.
• 通讯作者: Braun, Edward L.

Earth history and the passerine superradiation

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813206116
• 发表时间: 2019-04-16
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Oliveros, Carl H.;Field, Daniel J.;Faircloth, Brant C.
• 通讯作者: Faircloth, Brant C.