Doctoral Dissertation Research: Factors Influencing Police Reform and Global Police Designs

对警务的研究往往侧重于当地警察与他们所服务的社区之间的关系。但是，最近全球警察设计在不同社区的扩散表明，研究人员需要调整他们的方法论。这个项目，训练研究生的经验，科学的数据收集和分析的方法，探讨不同的全球，国家和地方因素影响警察改革。它进一步问，什么新的理论和方法工具是必要的研究警务-传统上被认为是一个国家的手臂-作为一个跨国机构？调查结果将分发给管理和制定改善警务政策的组织。这项研究还促进了国际科学合作。埃拉特·毛兹将在芝加哥大学斯蒂芬·帕尔米埃博士的指导下，探索全球、国家和地方力量对警察改革中可观察到的模式的影响。警察的设计是由警察的知识，专业知识和实践，并越来越多地这些设计是国际共享。研究人员建议记录其实施情况，并研究它们如何在实施的社区内参与。这项研究将通过牙买加警察部队的人种学实地考察进行。JCF成立时，牙买加是英国最繁荣的糖殖民地，作为一个高度军事化的殖民地警察部队。今天，过度的暴力和猖獗的腐败仍然在JCF中流行，被视为可以通过系统的改革取代的殖民遗产。然而，奇怪的是，2008年启动的改革进程深化和扩大了外国在部队内的参与，其主要目的是处理国外制定的全球安全议程。牙买加社会经济结构的特点是连续性和变化的并行动态。虽然牙买加社会的社会分层结构是由其殖民历史塑造的，但全球移民和跨国文化潮流不断重塑差异的地方意义。本研究旨在了解这两个过程之间的相互作用，因为他们在警察改革领域的结合。在这项民族志研究的第一阶段，调查人员将研究部队如何制定、传播和实施改革计划。这一阶段将包括观察牙买加合作基金三个分支机构的运作情况，参加警察培训课程，并记录为改善警察与当地社区之间关系所作的努力。在部队内部的观察将辅之以与当地和外国安全专家的深入访谈，以进一步了解目前正在制定的改革的背景、内容和具体目标。在第二阶段，调查人员将与两个牙买加非政府组织合作，寻求以新的方式解决社会暴力和犯罪问题，将公共和私人利益攸关方聚集在一起，并扩大牙买加和国外社区之间的联系。收集到的数据将用于突出警务方面的新趋势，这些趋势汇集了公共和私营部门、地方和全球行为体和力量。最后，数据将被用来理论化警察和国家之间不断变化的关系，开发新的方式来理解警务。

Studies of policing have tended to focus locally on the relationships between police and the communities they serve. But the recent proliferation of global police designs across a diverse range of communities suggests the need for researchers to adapt their methodological approach. This project, which trains a graduate student in methods of empirical, scientific data collection and analysis, explores the different global, national, and local factors influencing police reform. It further asks, what new theoretical and methodological tools are necessary for studying policing - traditionally conceived as an arm of the state - as a transnational institution? Findings will be disseminated to organizations that manage and develop policy for improved policing. The research also fosters international scientific cooperation.Eilat Maoz, under the supervision of Dr. Stephan Palmié of the University of Chicago, will explore what global, national, and local forces influence observable patterns in police reform. Police designs are informed by police knowledge, expertise, and practice, and increasingly these designs are shared internationally. The researcher proposes to document their implementation, and examine how they are engaged within the communities that they are implemented. The research will take place through ethnographic fieldwork in the Jamaican Constabulary Force (JCF). The JCF was established when Jamaica was Britain's most thriving sugar colony, as a highly militarized colonial police force. Today, excessive violence and rampant corruption, still endemic in the JCF, are seen as a colonial inheritance that can be superseded through systematic reform. Paradoxically, however, the reform process launched in 2008 deepens and extends foreign involvement within the Force, and is primarily designed to address global security agendas crafted abroad. A parallel dynamic of continuity and change characterizes Jamaica's socioeconomic configurations. While the socially stratified structure of Jamaican society was molded by its colonial history, the local meanings of difference are continuously refigured by global migrations and transnational cultural currents. This research seeks to understand the interaction between these two processes as they conjoin in the realm of police reform. In the first phase of this ethnographic study, Investigators will study how reform plans are crafted, disseminated, and implemented by the Force. This phase will include observing the operations of three branches of the JCF, participation in police training courses, and documentation of attempts to improve the relationship between the police and local communities. Observations within the force will be complemented by in-depth interviews with local and foreign security experts, to further understand the context, content, and specific goals of the reform as it is currently crafted. In the second phase, investigators will collaborate with two Jamaican NGOs that seek to address social violence and criminality in novel ways, bringing together public and private stakeholders, and extending the links between communities in Jamaica and abroad. Data collected will be used to highlight emerging trends in policing, which bring together public and private, local and global, actors and forces. Finally, data will be used to theorize the changing relationship between the police and the state, developing new ways to understand policing.