Collaborative Research: IRES: US-German research on human-computer interaction in ubiquitous computing

非技术摘要：我们已经进入了无处不在的计算时代，这个时代的定义是嵌入日常物品中的相互连接的设备，这些设备成为日常活动的一部分。普适计算是一个多学科的研究领域，探索嵌入式、联网计算设备的设计和实现。与发展中的ubiomp世界的计算设备的互动是具有挑战性的。UbiComp的研究人员使用语音、凝视、手势和触摸等方式探索与设备的自然互动。使用这些交互模式，用户的注意力可以主要停留在设备周围的世界上。人机交互是ubiomp的一个中心问题，这将是IRES学生的工作重点，他们将在德国的两个地点进行研究：在斯图加特大学和在奥尔登堡大学。技术摘要：我们的研究将探索ubiomp的三个领域的人机交互：车载交互、与大屏幕的交互以及与船桥上的设备的交互。我们将探索高度自动化车辆的用户界面，这些用户界面可以在很长一段时间内接管车辆的所有控制，并将在驾驶员需要恢复控制时提前发出信号。在这些未来的车辆中，司机将有充足的时间致力于非驾驶任务。用户界面的设计将与司机-S对道路的关注程度(就像今天的S车辆一样)较少，而更多地与车辆的物理特征(尺寸、座位安排)、计算环境的特征(网络速度、传感器读数的质量)以及车辆中甚至其他车辆中是否存在其他人(与其他乘客的协作，以及由于其他乘客的活动而分心)有关。我们的目标是探索环境应该如何塑造自动车辆的车载用户界面设计。在我们的船桥接口工作中，我们将评估如何设计接口，使操作员S关注相关接口和外部世界，以便操作员能够安全地驾驶船舶。我们的目标是探索如何可视化操作员之外的相关实体？S的视觉焦点，以及如何引导操作员？S将注意力转移到这些实体上进行导航和决策。最后，我们将使用大型显示器探索用户界面的特征(如交互模式和上下文感知)与用户满意度、任务完成时间和任务完成质量等衡量标准之间的关系。我们的首要目标是建立其中的一些关系，并利用结果来提出与大屏幕交互的改进设计。

Nontechnical Abstract:We have entered the era of ubiquitous computing, an era defined by interconnected devices embedded in everyday objects that become part of everyday activities. Ubiquitous computing, or ubicomp, is a multidisciplinary field of study that explores the design and implementation of embedded, networked computing devices. Interactions with the computational devices of the developing ubicomp world are challenging. Ubicomp researchers explore natural interactions with devices, using modalities such as speech, gaze, gestures, and touch. With these modes of interaction, the user's focus can remain primarily on the world surrounding the device. Human-computer interaction is a central issue in ubicomp, and it will be the focus of the work of the IRES students who will conduct research at two locations in Germany: at the University of Stuttgart, and at the University of Oldenburg. Technical Abstract:Our research will explore human-computer interaction in three areas of ubicomp: in-vehicle interactions, interactions with large displays, and interactions with devices on a ship bridge. We will explore user interfaces for highly automated vehicles, those that can take over all control of the vehicle for extended periods of time, and will signal well in advance when the driver needs to resume control. In these future vehicles, drivers will have ample time to devote to non-driving tasks. The design of the user interfaces will have less to do with the driver?s attention to the road (as is the case in today?s vehicles), and more with the physical characteristics of the vehicle (size, seating arrangement), the characteristics of the computing environment (network speed, quality of sensor readings), and the presence of other people in the vehicle and even in other vehicles (collaboration with other passengers, and distractions due to the activities of other passengers). Our goal is to explore how context should shape the design of in-vehicle user interfaces for automated vehicles. In our work with interfaces for ship bridges we will evaluate how to design interfaces that keep the human operator?s attention on the relevant interfaces and on the outside world, such that the operator can safely navigate the vessel. Our goal is to explore how to visualize relevant entities that are outside of the operator?s visual focus, and how to guide the operator?s shift of attention towards these entities for navigation and decision making. Finally, our work with large displays will explore the relationships between the characteristics of the user interfaces such as mode of interaction and context awareness, and measures such as user satisfaction, task completion time, and task completion quality. Our overarching goal is to establish some of these relationships, and use the results to propose improved designs of interactions with large displays.