IRES: US-German Research on Human-Computer Interaction in Ubiquitous Computing

技术说明。UNH IRES计划是新罕布什尔州大学和德国斯图加特大学之间的合作项目。该计划的重点是无处不在的计算，或ubicomp。Ubicomp是一个多学科的研究领域，探索嵌入在日常物品中的网络计算设备。每年夏天，3名本科生和3名研究生将在斯图加特大学Albrecht施密特教授的人机交互（HCI）实验室进行为期8周的研究。HCI实验室是世界领先的ubicomp实验室之一。 UNH Ubicomp IRES项目的学生研究将集中在两个领域：车内语音交互和与公共显示器的语音交互。学生将首先研究车内语音交互，以确定不同的语音识别错误率和不同的响应时间如何影响驾驶员。学生随后将与计算机交互与乘客交互进行对比。最后，学生将使用这些实验的结果，提出新的，更安全的方法来驱动程序-计算机语音交互。在与公共显示器的语音交互的背景下，学生将探索使用基于视频摄像机的眼动仪的瞳孔直径测量来估计与电子公告板的语音交互相关的认知负荷。学生将开发技术，用于分离瞳孔直径的变化是由于认知负荷，从那些是由于显示器上的视觉目标亮度。学生随后将使用瞳孔直径来评估与公共显示器的不同类型的交互相关的认知负荷，为提出混合口语和手动交互的新型交互提供基线。UNH IRES计划是新罕布什尔州大学和德国斯图加特大学之间的合作项目。该计划的重点是无处不在的计算，或ubicomp。Ubicomp是一个多学科的研究领域，探索嵌入在日常物品中的网络计算设备。每年夏天，3名本科生和3名研究生将在斯图加特大学Albrecht施密特教授的人机交互（HCI）实验室进行为期8周的研究。HCI实验室是世界领先的ubicomp实验室之一。UNH IRES计划内的学生研究将集中在两个领域：车内语音交互和与公共显示器的语音交互。在汽车领域，与车载设备的语音交互是一个重要的课题。诸如内置娱乐系统和自带移动的电话之类的车载设备正在激增，并且研究表明，通过触摸和/或观看与这些设备交互可能是危险的。因此，已经进行了许多研究来探索语音作为与车载设备交互的替代方式。UNH IRES计划的学生将把语音交互的好处和局限性与具有真实参数的车载设备联系起来，例如语音识别在任何给定时刻的工作情况。他们还将致力于确定为什么与乘客交谈似乎可以降低撞车的可能性，以及我们如何能够利用这些新信息来创造更安全的车内语音交互。语音交互也是电子公告板探索中的一个令人兴奋的话题。今天，人们使用公告牌来显示和阅读印刷（物理）通知。但是明天呢？的电子公告板将更像大型的公共网页，由用户通过他们的移动的手机编辑。UNH IRES项目的学生将比较语音交互与其他类型的交互与电子公告板（如直接在公告板上打字，或在移动的电话上打字）。他们将特别注意评估每种类型的互动的精神努力。他们的长期目标是评估言语互动是否可以减少这种脑力劳动。

Technical description. The UNH IRES program is a cooperative effort between the University of New Hampshire and the University of Stuttgart in Germany. The focus of the program is on ubiquitous computing, or ubicomp. Ubicomp is a multidisciplinary field of study that explores networked computing devices that are embedded in everyday objects. Each summer 3 undergraduate and 3 graduate students will conduct research for just over 8 weeks at the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Lab of Professor Albrecht Schmidt at the University of Stuttgart. The HCI Lab is one of the leading ubicomp laboratories in the world. Student research within the UNH Ubicomp IRES program will focus on two areas: in-vehicle speech interaction and speech interaction with public displays. Students will initially investigate in-vehicle speech interactions to establish how different speech recognition error rates and different response times affect the driver. Students will subsequently contrast interacting with a computer to interacting with a passenger. Finally, students will use the results of these experiments to propose new, safer approaches to driver-computer spoken interactions. In the context of speech interactions with public displays, students will explore the use of pupil diameter measurements from video camera based eye trackers to estimate the cognitive load associated with spoken interactions with electronic bulletin boards. Students will develop techniques for separating pupil diameter changes that are due to cognitive load from those that are due to visual target luminance on the display. Students will subsequently use pupil diameter to evaluate the cognitive load associated with different types of interactions with public displays, providing a baseline for proposing novel interactions that mix spoken and manual interactions. Non-technical description.The UNH IRES program is a cooperative effort between the University of New Hampshire and the University of Stuttgart in Germany. The focus of the program is on ubiquitous computing, or ubicomp. Ubicomp is a multidisciplinary field of study that explores networked computing devices that are embedded in everyday objects. Each summer 3 undergraduate and 3 graduate students will conduct research for just over 8 weeks at the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Lab of Professor Albrecht Schmidt at the University of Stuttgart. The HCI Lab is one of the leading ubicomp laboratories in the world. Student research within the UNH IRES program will focus on two areas: in-vehicle speech interaction and speech interaction with public displays. In the automotive domain, speech interaction with in-vehicle devices is an important topic. In-vehicle devices, such as built-in entertainment systems, and brought-in mobile phones, are proliferating, and research has shown that it can be dangerous to interact with these devices by touching and/or looking. Thus, much research has been done to explore speech as an alternative way of interaction with in-vehicle devices. Students in the UNH IRES program will relate the benefits and limitations of speech interaction with in-vehicle devices with real-world parameters, such as how well speech recognition works at any given moment. They will also work to identify why it is that talking to a passenger appears to reduce the probability of a crash, and how we might be able to use this new information to create safer in-vehicle speech interactions.Speech interaction is also an exciting topic in the budding exploration of electronic bulletin boards. Today, people use bulletin boards to display and read printed (physical) notices. But tomorrow?s electronic bulletin boards will act more like large, public webpages, edited by users from their mobile phones. Students in the UNH IRES program will compare speech interaction with other types of interactions with such electronic bulletin boards (such as typing directly on the bulletin board, or typing on a mobile phone). They will pay special attention to assessing the mental effort of each type of interaction. Their long-term goal will be to assess if speech interaction can reduce this mental effort.