Collaborative Research: Understanding Glacial-Geomorphic-Climatic Changes in the Arid Andes: Cordillera Oriental as a Case Study

合作研究：了解干旱安第斯山脉的冰川地貌气候变化：以东方科迪勒拉山脉为例

• 批准号: 2035479
• 负责人: Michael Kaplan
• 金额: $ 37.95万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2035479&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Glacial; Geomorphic

The project seeks to address the fundamental issue of how two competing processes shape mountain belts: collisions between tectonic plates, which push land to high elevations, and erosion that wears mountains away. Climate strongly influences erosion, in part because it determines where glaciers can form and, subsequently, erode the landscape. The overarching aim is to understand how climate changes and glaciers influences mountain development, specifically through erosion. The investigators will focus on a part of the central Andes that provides a natural laboratory for such investigation. The researchers will use a model to estimate past temperature and precipitation ranges based on their observations, which will also improve understanding of former natural climate variability and how it may influence the growth of mountains. The researchers will integrate a range of interdisciplinary expertise at different institutions to accomplish the goals, including scientists in the U.S. and Argentina. The project fosters early and middle-career development for at least a postdoctoral researcher and a graduate student. The researchers will carry out outreach, such as, by engaging with K-12 science teachers, in a museum science-themed exhibit, and at their institution's open house. Climatic and tectonic forces interact with one another in the growth of mountains, particularly through their shared influence on erosion patterns. Yet, distinguishing the influence or signature of one force from another can be difficult. The researchers propose to explore glacier and climatic imprints on the development of landscapes in an environment where such effects appear to be eminently discernible, in the arid Andes. Neighboring catchments experienced a range of glacial geomorphic conditions, from extensively glaciated to marginally glaciated to not glaciated. The study focuses on two overarching hypotheses: (1) In the arid Andes, the last Ice Age brought the coldest conditions, but not necessarily the largest glaciers and precipitation impacts to landscape processes. The researchers will (i) date glacial deposits of unknown age, which will constrain when climate changes occurred, and (ii) carry out glacier-climate modeling, which will improve their understanding of, for example, the magnitude of past temperature and precipitation changes; (2) Ice Age climates impact landscape development directly through glacial erosion and indirectly through fluvial network change. The researchers will assess potential patterns of glacially-modulated erosion using detrital 10-Be measurements (short timescale) and low-temperature thermochronology (longer timescales), and geomorphic metrics that are known to record tectonic and climatic perturbations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目旨在解决两个竞争过程如何塑造山带的基本问题：构造板之间的碰撞，将土地推向高海拔，侵蚀使山脉驶离。气候强烈影响侵蚀，部分原因是它决定了冰川可以在哪里形成，然后侵蚀了景观。总体目的是了解气候变化和冰川如何通过侵蚀影响山区发展。调查人员将专注于中央安第斯山脉的一部分，该部分为这种调查提供了自然实验室。研究人员将根据其观察结果来使用模型来估计过去的温度和降水范围，这还将提高人们对以前的自然气候变异性及其如何影响山脉生长的理解。研究人员将在不同机构中融合一系列跨学科专业知识，以实现包括美国和阿根廷科学家在内的目标。该项目促进了至少一名博士后研究人员和研究生的早期和中间职业发展。研究人员将通过博物馆科学主题的展览和机构的开放日在博物馆科学主题的展览中与K-12科学老师互动进行宣传。气候和构造力在山的生长中相互互动，尤其是通过他们对侵蚀模式的共同影响。但是，将一支力的影响或签名区分开来是困难的。研究人员建议在干旱的安第斯山脉（Andes Andes）中探索有关景观发展的冰川和气候烙印。相邻的流域经历了一系列冰川的地貌条件，从广泛的冰川到边缘冰川到没有冰河。该研究的重点是两个总体假设：（1）在干旱的安第斯山脉中，最后一个冰河时代带来了最冷的条件，但不一定是最大的冰川和降水对景观过程的影响。研究人员将（i）未知年龄的冰川沉积日期，这将在气候变化发生时限制，以及（ii）进行冰川气候建模，这将提高他们对过去温度和降水变化的幅度的理解； （2）冰河时代的气候直接通过冰川侵蚀影响景观的发展，并通过河流网络变化间接影响景观。研究人员将使用碎屑10次测量（短时间）和低温热量学（较长的时间刻度）以及已知的构造构造和气候扰动的地貌指标来评估冰川调节侵蚀的潜在模式。这些奖项反映了NSF的范围和宽广的依据，这些奖项通过智力和宽广的影响力进行了评估。 标准。