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Translation, Strain and Rotation: New Approaches to SeismicProcessing and Inversion

平移、应变和旋转：地震处理和反演的新方法

基本信息

批准号：
227695946
负责人：
Professor Dr. Heiner Igel
金额：
--
依托单位：
Sektion Geophysik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/227695946?language=en
关键词：
Translation Strain Rotation New Approaches

项目摘要

Seismology so far was primarily based on the observation of translational ground motions and the inversion of travel time information. The sensitivity of these measurements (so-called kernels) w.r.t. geophysical parameters is generally distributed along ¿banana¿-shaped volumes from source to receiver. Today we aim at exploiting not only travel times but the complete information contained in the observations (full-waveform inversion). This has become possible as computational hardware allows rapid calculations of wavefields through three-dimensional Earth models. While this is one of the directions that will help improve the quality of tomographic images we propose an additional route. In theory, the motion of a measurement point in a deformable elastic medium has twelve unknowns (three translations, three rotations, and six strains). Based on promising recent theoretical results, we pose a very general question: which combinations of those twelve (point) measurements provide optimal constraints on desired Earth properties. This work is motivated by recent advances in measuring strain and rotations and the availability of such observables (e.g., US Array as direct observation or array-derived). The sensitivities are quantified using principal component analysis. This is complemented by real data studies using US Array observations.

迄今为止，地震学主要基于平移地面运动的观测和走时信息的反演。这些测量的灵敏度（所谓的内核）w.r.t.地球物理参数通常沿沿着香蕉形体积从源到接收器分布。今天，我们的目标不仅是利用旅行时间，但完整的信息包含在观察（全波形反演）。这已经成为可能，因为计算硬件允许通过三维地球模型快速计算波场。虽然这是一个方向，这将有助于提高断层图像的质量，我们提出了一个额外的路线。理论上，可变形弹性介质中测量点的运动有12个未知量（3个平移、3个旋转和6个应变）。基于最近有前途的理论结果，我们提出了一个非常普遍的问题：这12个（点）测量的组合提供了最佳的约束所需的地球属性。这项工作的动机是最近在测量应变和旋转方面的进展以及这些可观测量的可用性（例如，直接观察或阵列衍生的US阵列）。敏感性采用主成分分析进行量化。这是补充真实的数据研究，使用美国阵列的意见。