Collaborative Resesarch: P2C2--The Flavors of Southwest Hydroclimatic Extremes

合作研究：P2C2——西南极端水文气候的味道

• 批准号: 1703009
• 负责人: Timothy Shanahan
• 金额: $ 36.06万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1703009&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Resesarch; P2C2; Flavors; Southwest

This project aims to investigate hydroclimatic variability in the American Southwest (SW) in a comprehensive manner by building on the long-established tree-ring record of SW drought as well as new pilot data. This will be accomplished by (a) integrating the use of both widely-used and newly emerging tree-ring, cave and lake proxies; (b) using an interannual- to-decadal-resolution focus on the last 2,000 years, and a coarser examination of the earlier Holocene and its apparent longer and more severe dry extremes; (c) deploying a broad mix of monitoring, calibration and cross-comparison of proxies; (d) specifically focusing on multiple temperature proxies, in addition to moisture sensitive proxies; (e) emphasizing seasonality, particularly the disentangling of cool-season and warm-season (monsoon) variability; and (f) integrating proxy records, climate modeling, and proxy forward modeling to increase understanding of regional climate feedbacks, causes of SW hydroclimatic variability, and model realism. The project aims to address six primary science questions: (1) How do moisture and temperature anomalies combine to produce the droughts and pluvials of the past? (2) How can a multiproxy approach best be used to investigate the various flavors of extreme hydroclimatic events over a range of time scales, interannual to centennial? (3) Are local temperature anomalies associated with hydroclimate extremes linked to large-scale temperatures, or are they more regional and related to hydroclimatic feedbacks? (4) What are the relative contributions of winter versus summer monsoon variations to SW megadrought and pluvial periods? (5) How well are hydroclimatic extremes and their drivers represented in state-of-the-art Earth System Models? (6) How can a refined understanding of drought and its drivers improve estimates of future drought risk?The broader impacts include supporting the training of graduate and undergraduate students; outreach to K-12 and general public education on climate variability via the Biosphere2 in Arizona; and stakeholder engagement with farmers, ranchers, public health, water managers, and urban managers with special emphasis on Colorado River water managers and users via regular outreach efforts of the multi-university Colorado River Research Group.

该项目旨在通过建立长期以来建立的西南干旱的树木年轮记录以及新的试点数据，以全面的方式调查美国西南部（SW）的水文气候变化。 这将通过以下方式实现：（a）综合使用广泛使用的和新出现的树木年轮、洞穴和湖泊代用指标;（B）以过去2 000年的年际至十年期分辨率为重点，对全新世早期及其明显的更长和更严重的极端干旱情况进行更粗略的检查;（c）广泛采用各种代用指标的监测、校准和交叉比较;（d）特别关注多个温度代理，以及湿度敏感代理;（e）强调季节性，特别是冷季和暖季（季风）变化的分离;（f）整合代理记录、气候模拟和代理正演模拟，以增加对区域气候反馈、西南水文气候变化原因和模型真实性的理解。该项目旨在解决六个主要科学问题：（1）湿度和温度异常是如何联合收割机产生过去的干旱和多雨的？(2)如何才能最好地使用多代理方法来调查极端水文气候事件的各种口味的时间尺度范围内，年际到百年？(3)与水文气候极端事件相关的局部温度异常与大尺度温度相关，还是它们更具区域性并与水文气候反馈相关？(4)冬季风与夏季风变化对西南大暴雨和多雨期的相对贡献是什么？(5)水文气候极端及其驱动因素在最先进的地球系统模型中的表现如何？(6)对干旱及其驱动因素的深入了解如何改善对未来干旱风险的估计？更广泛的影响包括支持研究生和本科生的培训;通过亚利桑那州的生物圈2对K-12和一般公众进行气候变异性教育;通过多所大学的科罗拉多河研究小组的定期外联工作，与农民、牧场主、公共卫生、水资源管理者和城市管理者接触，特别强调科罗拉多河水资源管理者和用户。

项目成果

Isotopic variability in tropical cyclone precipitation is controlled by Rayleigh distillation and cloud microphysics

热带气旋降水的同位素变化由瑞利蒸馏和云微物理控制

• DOI: 10.1038/s43247-022-00381-1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Communications Earth & Environment
• 影响因子: 7.9
• 作者: Sun, Chijun;Tian, Lijun;Shanahan, Timothy M.;Partin, Judson W.;Gao, Yongli;Piatrunia, Natasha;Banner, Jay
• 通讯作者: Banner, Jay

Controls on the Isotopic Composition of Precipitation in the South‐Central United States

对美国中南部降水同位素组成的控制

• DOI: 10.1029/2018jd029306
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Sun, Chijun;Shanahan, Timothy M.;Partin, Judson
• 通讯作者: Partin, Judson

Great Plains storm intensity since the last glacial controlled by spring surface warming

自末次冰河以来大平原风暴强度受春季地表变暖控制

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-021-00860-8
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Sun, Chijun;Shanahan, Timothy M.;DiNezio, Pedro N.;McKay, Nicholas P.;Roy, Priyadarsi D.
• 通讯作者: Roy, Priyadarsi D.