Collaborative Research: WERF: GOALI: Bioaugmentation-Enhanced Anammox for Mainstream Nitrogen Removal

合作研究：WERF：GOALI：用于主流脱氮的生物增强型厌氧氨氧化

基本信息

批准号：
1705674
负责人：
Jim Field
金额：
$ 25万
依托单位：
University of Arizona
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1705674&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research WERF GOALI Bioaugmentation

项目摘要

Field1705674Nutrient nitrogen (N) in excess is a major pollutant affecting the environment and public health; consequently, excess N must be removed from wastewater (WW). Conventional nutrient N-removal technology relies on a sequence of two microbial process known as nitrification-denitrification. The first step (nitrification) involves the oxidation of ammonium to nitrate. The drawback is that nitrification requires a large input of energy to aerate the water. The second step (denitrification) involves the reduction of nitrate to harmless elemental nitrogen gas. The drawback is that valuable chemical energy is required for the nitrate reduction that could be better used to make biofuels such as methane-rich biogas. Improvements in the economy of nutrient N-removal can be achieved with anaerobic ammonia oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. Anammox converts nitrite and ammonium to elemental nitrogen gas without any need for aeration or chemical energy. As a technology anammox must be combined with partial aeration to form nitrite from about half of the ammonium (partial nitritation), but this process saves 57% of the aeration costs and 100% of the chemical energy demand compared to conventional nutrient N-removal.Anammox has become a mature technology for the treatment of high ammonium, low organic matter WW, exemplified by sludge liquor side streams from the dewatering of anaerobically digested sludge, which accounst for 15-30% of the N load at wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The objective of this research is to apply anammox to the 70-85% of the N-load in the mainstream of a WWTP. The strategy proposed is based on utilizing highly active anammox sludge cultivated on the ammonium rich side stream with an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to bioaugment another UASB treating the mainstream. The reactors will be operated as a single-stage partial-nitritation anammox process by introducing substoichiometric quantities of elemental oxygen via aeration. The intellectual merit of the proposed work is to convert the liability of the high N-loading embodied by the ammonium rich side stream into an asset for biological N-removal for the mainstream. The key scientific/engineering question is whether bioaugmentation of highly enriched anammox sludge can be used to enhance the N-treatment process in the mainstream where conditions are less favorable for growing and sustaining anammox due to competition from heterotrophic bacteria and low N concentrations. The PIs will explore a novel stratification of partial nitritation and anammox in the microaerophilic exterior and anoxic interior of the same sludge particles, respectively. Through kinetic, metabolic and metagenomic/transcriptomic analyses, the PIs will determine whether the enriched anammox sludge deteriorates in mainstream by providing biomarkers to quantitatively monitor the anammox bacteria they contain. They will also obtain information on the shifting composition and function of the microbial population. The project directly addresses the National Academy of Engineering grand challenge of improving the management of the N cycle by developing energy saving technology to control the load of excess nutrient-N into the environment. Two PhD students will be working with the GOALI partner at the regional wastewater reclamation facility to gain industrial experience.

Field1705674Nutarient氮（N）过量是影响环境和公共卫生的主要污染物；因此，必须从废水（WW）中除去多余的n。常规的营养N驱动技术依赖于两个微生物过程，称为硝化化硝化。第一步（硝化）涉及将铵氧化为硝酸盐。缺点是硝化需要大量的能量输入来使水充气。第二步（反硝化）涉及将硝酸盐还原为无害的元素氮气。缺点是，硝酸盐还原需要有价值的化学能，可以更好地用于制造诸如富含甲烷的沼气之类的生物燃料。通过氧化氨（Anammox）细菌，可以改善营养N驱量的经济性。 Anammox将亚硝酸盐和铵转化为元素氮气，而无需充气或化学能。 As a technology anammox must be combined with partial aeration to form nitrite from about half of the ammonium (partial nitritation), but this process saves 57% of the aeration costs and 100% of the chemical energy demand compared to conventional nutrient N-removal.Anammox has become a mature technology for the treatment of high ammonium, low organic matter WW, exemplified by sludge liquor side streams from the dewatering of厌氧消化的污泥，该污泥在废水处理厂（WWTP）的15-30％占N负载的15-30％。这项研究的目的是将Anammox应用于WWTP主流中的70-85％的N负载。提出的策略是基于利用在富含铵的侧流上种植的高活性的Anammox污泥，并带有上流的厌氧污泥毯（UASB）反应器来生物启动另一个UASB，另一个UASB处理主流。反应器将通过通过曝气引入化学计量量的元素计量量来作为单阶段局部硝酸化anammox过程。拟议工作的智力优点是将富含铵的侧流体现的高N负载的责任转化为主流的生物N驱动物的资产。关键的科学/工程问题是，是否可以使用高度富集的Anammox污泥的生物学来增强主流的N处理过程，在这种情况下，由于异性菌属和低N浓度的竞争，条件不太有利于生长和维持厌氧剂。 PI分别将分别在同一污泥颗粒的微型粒细胞外部和缺氧内部探索局部硝酸和苯甲酸的新分层。通过动力学，代谢和宏基因组/转录组分析，PIS将通过提供生物标志物来定量监测其所含的Anammox细菌来确定主流中富集的Anammox污泥是否恶化。他们还将获得有关微生物种群转移组成和功能的信息。该项目直接解决了国家工程学院的巨大挑战，即通过开发节能技术来控制多余的营养N负载到环境中，从而改善了N周期的管理。两名博士生将与区域废水填海设施的守门员合作，以获得工业经验。