Molecular mechanism of magneto-aerotaxis in bacteria

细菌磁旋性的分子机制

• 批准号: 228478880
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Dirk Schüler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/228478880?language=en
• 关键词: Molecular; mechanism; magneto; aerotaxis; bacteria

Magnetotactic bacteria orient by swimming along magnetic fields lines, which is due to intracellular organelles, the magnetosomes. Although magnetic sensing is generally assumed to facilitate navigation to growth-favoring suboxic zones in their aquatic habitats, possibly by interaction with aerotaxis, its physiological significance has remained poorly understood, and the molecular mechanisms governing complex navigational behaviour in magnetic bacteria are unknown. In the requested project we will study magneto-aerotaxis in the alphaproteobacterium Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense, which is predicted to have one of the most complex sensoric networks found in a prokaryotic organism. Behavioral responses to defined magnetic and chemical cues will be assessed quantitatively by video microscopy and chemotaxis assays. Genomic identification of determinants for magneto-aerotaxis will be followed by their functional genetic analysis. In particular, we will address the molecular control and cell biology of magnetic swimming polarity. This will lead to an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms of magnetic orientation in organisms and will contribute to an improved knowledge of sensorsy responses in bacteria.

趋磁细菌通过沿着磁力线游动来定向，这是由于细胞内的细胞器，即磁小体。虽然磁感测通常被认为有助于在其水生栖息地中导航到有利于生长的缺氧区，可能是通过与趋氧性的相互作用，但其生理意义仍然知之甚少，并且控制磁性细菌复杂导航行为的分子机制尚不清楚。在请求的项目中，我们将研究gryphiswaldense磁螺旋体α变形杆菌的趋磁性，该细菌被预测具有原核生物中最复杂的感觉网络之一。对磁性和化学线索的行为反应将通过视频显微镜和趋化性分析进行定量评估。对趋磁性决定因素的基因组鉴定将随后进行功能遗传分析。特别地，我们将讨论磁性游泳极性的分子控制和细胞生物学。这将导致对生物中磁性取向的分子机制的深入理解，并将有助于提高对细菌感觉反应的认识。

项目成果

Magnetic guidance of the magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense.

趋磁细菌 Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense 的磁引导

• DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00384b
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Soft matter
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: D. Pfeiffer;D. Schüler;Th. M. Fischer
• 通讯作者: Th. M. Fischer

Polarity of bacterial magnetotaxis is controlled by aerotaxis through a common sensory pathway

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6398
• 发表时间: 2014-11-01
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Popp, Felix;Armitage, Judith P.;Schueler, Dirk
• 通讯作者: Schueler, Dirk