Toward an Ab-initio Understanding of Ultracold Boson Experiments in One Dimension

从头开始理解一维超冷玻色子实验

• 批准号: 1707482
• 负责人: Marcos Rigol
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1707482&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Toward; Ab; initio; Understanding; Ultracold

The quantum world is a source of uncommon phenomena, such as lasing and superconductivity, that have had tremendous impacts on society. Intrinsically fragile, quantum phenomena are difficult to observe and study, let alone explain. Since the observation of Bose-Einstein condensation in the mid-1990s, ultracold gases (gases at nearly zero absolute temperature) that are trapped and manipulated with electromagnetic fields in vacuum chambers have provided a unique window for the exploration of the quantum world. Experiments with ultracold gases are examining quantum effects when atoms are allowed to move only in one spatial direction. This reduced dimensionality can exaggerate "quantum-ness" and produce novel states of matter. This project will develop theoretical models to describe such states and study their observable properties. The models to be developed are expected to aid in the understanding of materials in which electrons interact strongly and in which their motion along some spacial direction is constrained; for example, in nano-scale wires. The properties of these systems, at odds with those of traditionally studied unconstrained (three-dimensional) quantum systems, might be essential to the understanding of a wide range of nano-devices. This theoretical research will explore phenomena in quantum gases in equilibrium and far from equilibrium. In equilibrium, one of the questions to be answered is whether the adiabatic loading of three-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates in two-dimensional optical lattices results in one-dimensional gases that are in thermal equilibrium, or whether generalized Gibbs ensembles are needed to describe them. The researchers will also study phenomena which result when an additional weaker lattice is added along the one-dimensional gas, and the associated quantum phases that are realized experimentally. Far from equilibrium, this project will explore the expansion dynamics of one-dimensional gases in the presence of interactions, with or without an optical lattice along the expansion direction, as well as experiments in which parameters such as the strength of the confining potential or the lattice depth are periodically modulated in time. Another problem to be explored is the result of band-mapping procedures in experiments in which the atoms are far-from-equilibrium and interact strongly. The research proposed will be mostly carried out by two graduate students who will be trained in computational and many-body quantum physics. The PI will design an advanced graduate course on quantum statistical mechanics, and will contribute to the Hazleton Integration Project (http://www.hazletonintegrationproject.com) by giving talks at the Hazleton One Community Center about science in general and physics in particular.

量子世界是不寻常现象的来源，如激光和超导，对社会产生了巨大的影响。量子现象本身就很脆弱，很难观察和研究，更不用说解释了。自20世纪90年代中期观察到玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚以来，在真空室中用电磁场捕获和操纵的超冷气体（绝对温度接近零的气体）为探索量子世界提供了一个独特的窗口。超冷气体实验正在研究当原子只允许在一个空间方向上运动时的量子效应。这种降低的维度可以夸大“量子性”并产生新的物质状态。该项目将开发理论模型来描述这种状态并研究其可观察的特性。待开发的模型预计将有助于理解材料中的电子强烈相互作用，并在其中它们的运动沿着一些空间方向受到限制，例如，在纳米尺度的电线。这些系统的性质与传统研究的无约束（三维）量子系统的性质不一致，可能对理解广泛的纳米器件至关重要。这项理论研究将探索量子气体在平衡和远离平衡的现象。在平衡态下，需要回答的问题之一是二维光学晶格中的三维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的绝热加载是否会导致处于热平衡的一维气体，或者是否需要广义吉布斯系综来描述它们。研究人员还将研究当沿着一维气体添加额外的较弱晶格时产生的现象，以及实验实现的相关量子相。远离平衡，这个项目将探讨在相互作用的存在下，一维气体的膨胀动力学，有或没有一个光学晶格沿着膨胀方向，以及实验中的参数，如限制势或晶格深度的强度定期调制的时间。另一个需要探讨的问题是，在原子远离平衡态并强烈相互作用的实验中，能带映射程序的结果。这项研究将主要由两名研究生进行，他们将接受计算和多体量子物理学的培训。PI将设计一个关于量子统计力学的高级研究生课程，并将通过在哈兹尔顿一个社区中心发表关于一般科学和特别是物理学的演讲，为哈兹尔顿集成项目（http：//www.example.com）做出贡献。www.hazletonintegrationproject.com

项目成果

Heating Rates in Periodically Driven Strongly Interacting Quantum Many-Body Systems

周期性驱动的强相互作用量子多体系统中的加热速率

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.240603
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Mallayya, Krishnanand;Rigol, Marcos
• 通讯作者: Rigol, Marcos

Observation of dynamical fermionization

• DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz0242
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Science
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: Joshua M. Wilson;N. Malvania;Yuan Le;Yicheng Zhang;M. Rigol;D. Weiss

Entanglement production in bosonic systems: Linear and logarithmic growth

玻色子系统中的纠缠产生：线性和对数增长

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.97.032321
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Physical Review A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Hackl, Lucas;Bianchi, Eugenio;Modak, Ranjan;Rigol, Marcos
• 通讯作者: Rigol, Marcos

Eigenstate Thermalization in a Locally Perturbed Integrable System

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.070605
• 发表时间: 2020-08-13
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Brenes, Marlon;LeBlond, Tyler;Rigol, Marcos
• 通讯作者: Rigol, Marcos

Average eigenstate entanglement entropy of the XY chain in a transverse field and its universality for translationally invariant quadratic fermionic models

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.99.075123
• 发表时间: 2018-12
• 期刊: Physical Review B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: L. Hackl;L. Vidmar;M. Rigol;Eugenio Bianchi