RAPID: Collaborative Research: Impacts of Extreme Flooding on Hydrologic Connectivity and Water Quality in the Atlantic Coastal Plain and Implications for Vulnerable Populations

RAPID：合作研究：极端洪水对大西洋沿岸平原水文连通性和水质的影响以及对弱势群体的影响

• 批准号: 1712176
• 负责人: Ryan Emanuel
• 金额: $ 2.9万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1712176&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Impacts; Extreme

In October 2016, Hurricane Matthew brought extreme rainfall that led to extreme flooding across eastern North Carolina, including the Lumber River basin. Land use in this region is dominated by large-scale crop-cultivation and includes some of the highest densities of concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and processing facilities in the United States. The 3,000 km2 Lumber River watershed and immediately adjacent areas are also home to most of the Lumbee Tribe of American Indian¡¦s 60,000+ members and represents a region characterized by high rates of poverty and large disparities in healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The region, declared a National Disaster area, is dealing with widespread contamination of surface waters, shallow groundwater, and drinking water supplies due to drowned livestock, compromised waste lagoons, inundated landscapes, failed septic systems, and other contaminant sources that have become hydrologically connected during flooding. This project seeks to document the impacts of extreme flooding on water quality in this region in the coming months and to improve understanding of how hydrological processes, land use, and social vulnerability combine to translate ephemeral, flood-related hydrologic connectivity into persistent water quality impacts. This project will engage members of the affected Lumbee Tribe through both citizen science and public education.This RAPID project seeks to conduct a preliminary assessment of the near-term impacts of regional flooding on water quality in the Lumber River watershed in an effort to better understand flood-driven connectivity between upland contaminant sources and hydrologic systems (surface water, shallow groundwater, public water supplies) and its water quality implications for vulnerable populations. The project addresses the near-term impacts of extreme flooding on water quality across low gradient streams and extensive riverine wetlands, in surficial aquifers, and in the confined aquifers that provide public drinking water supplies. Specifically, this project will 1) evaluate the post-hurricane spatial variability of biological (microbial community markers in wastewater), chemical (non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry screening), and physical (?Ô18O, ?Ô2H, specific conductance) water quality characteristics of surface water, shallow groundwater, and the confined aquifer; 2) assess the temporal evolution of water quality in each hydrologic pool as the system recovers from the floods and hydrologic connectivity recedes, thus improving our understanding of linkages between hydrologic connectivity and water quality; 3) engage the Lumbee Tribe through citizen science and communication while providing valuable information about water quality.

2016年10月，飓风马修带来极端降雨，导致北卡罗来纳州东部发生极端洪水，包括木材河流域。该地区的土地利用以大规模作物种植为主，包括美国最高密度的集中动物饲养场和加工设施。3，000平方公里的木材河流域和紧邻地区也是美国印第安人的60，000多名成员中的大多数Lumbee部落的家园，并且代表了一个以高贫困率和医疗保健，教育和基础设施方面的巨大差异为特征的地区。该地区已被宣布为国家灾区，目前正在处理由于牲畜溺水、废物泻湖受损、景观被淹没、化粪池系统故障以及洪水期间水文连接的其他污染源造成的地表沃茨、浅层地下水和饮用水供应的广泛污染。该项目旨在记录未来几个月极端洪水对该地区水质的影响，并提高对水文过程、土地利用和社会脆弱性如何结合联合收割机将短暂的、与洪水相关的水文连通性转化为持久的水质影响的理解。该项目将通过公民科学和公共教育让受影响的Lumbee部落成员参与进来，该快速项目旨在对区域洪水对Lumber河流域水质的近期影响进行初步评估，以更好地了解高地污染源和水文系统之间洪水驱动的联系（地表水、浅层地下水、公共供水）及其对弱势群体的水质影响。该项目涉及极端洪水对低梯度溪流和广泛的沿河湿地、表层含水层和提供公共饮用水供应的封闭含水层的水质的近期影响。具体而言，该项目将1）评估飓风后的生物（废水中的微生物群落标记），化学（非目标高分辨率质谱筛选）和物理（？180，？地表水、浅层地下水和承压含水层的水质特征; 2）评估随着系统从洪水中恢复和水文连通性减弱，每个水文池的水质随时间的演变，从而提高我们对水文连通性和水质之间联系的理解; 3）通过公民科学和沟通，同时提供有关水质的宝贵信息，让Lumbee部落参与进来。

项目成果

Climate Change in the Lumbee River Watershed and Potential Impacts on the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina

朗比河流域的气候变化及其对北卡罗来纳州朗比部落的潜在影响

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1936-704x.2018.03271.x
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of contemporary water research and education
• 影响因子: 0.7
• 作者: Emanuel, Ryan E