RAPID: Collaborative Research: Impacts of Extreme Flooding on Hydrologic Connectivity and Water Quality in the Atlantic Coastal Plain and Implications for Vulnerable Populations

RAPID：合作研究：极端洪水对大西洋沿岸平原水文连通性和水质的影响以及对弱势群体的影响

• 批准号: 1712176
• 负责人: Ryan Emanuel
• 金额: $ 2.9万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1712176&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Impacts; Extreme

In October 2016, Hurricane Matthew brought extreme rainfall that led to extreme flooding across eastern North Carolina, including the Lumber River basin. Land use in this region is dominated by large-scale crop-cultivation and includes some of the highest densities of concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and processing facilities in the United States. The 3,000 km2 Lumber River watershed and immediately adjacent areas are also home to most of the Lumbee Tribe of American Indian¡¦s 60,000+ members and represents a region characterized by high rates of poverty and large disparities in healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The region, declared a National Disaster area, is dealing with widespread contamination of surface waters, shallow groundwater, and drinking water supplies due to drowned livestock, compromised waste lagoons, inundated landscapes, failed septic systems, and other contaminant sources that have become hydrologically connected during flooding. This project seeks to document the impacts of extreme flooding on water quality in this region in the coming months and to improve understanding of how hydrological processes, land use, and social vulnerability combine to translate ephemeral, flood-related hydrologic connectivity into persistent water quality impacts. This project will engage members of the affected Lumbee Tribe through both citizen science and public education.This RAPID project seeks to conduct a preliminary assessment of the near-term impacts of regional flooding on water quality in the Lumber River watershed in an effort to better understand flood-driven connectivity between upland contaminant sources and hydrologic systems (surface water, shallow groundwater, public water supplies) and its water quality implications for vulnerable populations. The project addresses the near-term impacts of extreme flooding on water quality across low gradient streams and extensive riverine wetlands, in surficial aquifers, and in the confined aquifers that provide public drinking water supplies. Specifically, this project will 1) evaluate the post-hurricane spatial variability of biological (microbial community markers in wastewater), chemical (non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry screening), and physical (?Ô18O, ?Ô2H, specific conductance) water quality characteristics of surface water, shallow groundwater, and the confined aquifer; 2) assess the temporal evolution of water quality in each hydrologic pool as the system recovers from the floods and hydrologic connectivity recedes, thus improving our understanding of linkages between hydrologic connectivity and water quality; 3) engage the Lumbee Tribe through citizen science and communication while providing valuable information about water quality.

2016年10月，飓风马修带来极端降雨，导致北卡罗来纳州东部发生极端洪水，包括林格河流域。该地区的土地利用以大规模农作物种植为主，包括美国一些密度最高的集中动物饲养作业(CAFO)和加工设施。3,000平方公里的林木河流域及其邻近地区也是美国印第安人S伦比部落60,000多名成员的家园，代表着一个贫困率高、医疗保健、教育和基础设施方面存在巨大差距的地区。被宣布为国家灾区的该地区正在处理地表水、浅层地下水和饮用水供应的大范围污染，原因是溺水的牲畜、受损的废物泻湖、被淹没的景观、化粪池系统故障，以及在洪水期间与水文相连的其他污染源。该项目旨在记录未来几个月极端洪水对该地区水质的影响，并更好地了解水文过程、土地利用和社会脆弱性如何结合起来，将与洪水有关的短暂水文连通性转化为持久的水质影响。该项目将通过公民科学和公共教育使受影响的Lumbee部落成员参与进来。这一快速项目旨在对区域洪灾对Lbers河流域水质的近期影响进行初步评估，以努力更好地了解洪水驱动的旱地污染源与水文系统(地表水、浅层地下水、公共供水)之间的连通性及其对弱势群体的水质影响。该项目解决了极端洪水对低坡度溪流和大片河流湿地、地表含水层和提供公共饮用水供应的承压含水层的水质的短期影响。具体地说，该项目将1)评估飓风后地表水、浅层地下水和承压含水层的生物(废水中的微生物群落标记物)、化学(非定向高分辨率质谱学筛选)和物理(18O、2H，比电导)水质特征的空间变异性；2)评估随着系统从洪水中恢复和水文连通性减弱，每个水文池中水质的时间演变，从而提高我们对水文连通性和水质之间联系的理解；3)通过公民科学和交流，同时提供有关水质的宝贵信息，与Lumbee部落接触。

项目成果

Climate Change in the Lumbee River Watershed and Potential Impacts on the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina

朗比河流域的气候变化及其对北卡罗来纳州朗比部落的潜在影响

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1936-704x.2018.03271.x
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of contemporary water research and education
• 影响因子: 0.7
• 作者: Emanuel, Ryan E