EAPSI: How Signals Can Dictate Species Interactions and Shape Communication Networks about Danger

EAPSI：信号如何决定物种相互作用并塑造有关危险的通信网络

• 批准号: 1713937
• 负责人: Alexis Billings
• 金额: $ 0.54万
• 依托单位: Billings Alexis C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1713937&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAPSI; How; Signals; Dictate; Species

Some of the most conspicuous behaviors performed by animals are related to communication. These communication signals are rarely reserved for private conversation, but are inherently social signals involving numerous senders, numerous receivers and complex species interactions. This communication network perspective to animal communication has been slow coming and the majority of studies focus on one-sender-one-receiver exchanges. This is a logistical practicality in many instances, but it has the unfortunate side effect of missing an entire realm of exciting biology. To address this gap, the project tests how mobbing signals, which are acoustic signals used both within and across bird species to communicate about predators, can dictate species interactions in different avian communities and therefore shape communication networks about danger. The project will use playbacks of different species' mobbing calls to experimentally probe how bird species respond to one another. The project is to be conducted with Dr. Toshitaka Suzuki at Kyoto University in Japan. Dr. Suzuki is an up-and-coming researcher in the field of behavioral ecology, who has contributed significantly to understanding how signals can shape complex multi-species interactions. Together, the researchers will begin to understand how species interactions scale-up to communication networks and finally how those communication networks function within different communities.Communication does not occur in private conversations between one sender and one receiver. Yet the majority of studies of animal communication hold this overly simplistic, dyadic viewpoint. Communication is an inherently social behavior and needs to be addressed as a network with many senders, many receivers and complex species interactions. The project will apply this network perspective to mobbing calls, which are acoustic signals used both within and across bird species to communicate about predators. These mixed-species mobbing events are comprised of complex species interactions that vary by the participation of other species. Therefore, they are an ideal signaling system to explore questions pertaining to how species interact using a communication network framework. The researchers will use playback experiments to test how the avian community assembly influences species interactions in a mobbing call communication network. The project will aid in the understanding of the asymmetrical participation in mobbing communication networks and understand how species interactions may dictate this asymmetry through context-dependent escalation. This award, under the East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes program, supports summer research by a U.S. graduate student and is jointly funded by NSF and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

动物的一些最显著的行为与交流有关。这些通信信号很少用于私人谈话，但本质上是涉及众多的人，众多的接收者和复杂的物种相互作用的社会信号。从交流网络的角度来研究动物间的交流一直进展缓慢，大多数研究都集中在一个发送者一个接收者的交流上。在许多情况下，这是一种逻辑上的实用性，但它有一个不幸的副作用，即错过了整个令人兴奋的生物学领域。为了解决这一差距，该项目测试了骚扰信号，即鸟类内部和鸟类之间用于交流捕食者的声学信号，如何决定不同鸟类群落中的物种相互作用，从而塑造关于危险的通信网络。该项目将使用不同物种的骚扰叫声的回放来实验性地探索鸟类如何相互回应。该项目将与日本京都大学的Toshitaka Suzuki博士合作进行。铃木博士是行为生态学领域的一位崭露头角的研究人员，他为理解信号如何塑造复杂的多物种相互作用做出了重大贡献。研究人员将开始了解物种之间的相互作用如何扩大到通信网络，以及这些通信网络如何在不同的社区中发挥作用。然而，大多数关于动物交流的研究都持有这种过于简单化的二元观点。沟通是一种固有的社会行为，需要作为一个网络来解决，有许多不同的人，许多接收者和复杂的物种相互作用。该项目将把这种网络的观点应用于骚扰呼叫，这是一种在鸟类内部和鸟类之间用于交流捕食者的声学信号。这些混合物种围攻事件由复杂的物种相互作用组成，这些相互作用因其他物种的参与而异。因此，它们是探索与物种如何使用通信网络框架相互作用有关的问题的理想信号系统。研究人员将使用回放实验来测试鸟类群落集会如何影响群体呼叫通信网络中的物种相互作用。该项目将有助于理解围攻通信网络的不对称参与，并了解物种相互作用如何通过上下文相关的升级来决定这种不对称性。该奖项是东亚和太平洋夏季研究所计划下的一个奖项，由美国国家科学基金会和日本科学促进会共同资助，支持美国研究生的夏季研究。