Quark Matter and its Role in the Evolution of Proton-Neutron Stars to Neutron Stars

夸克物质及其在质子中子星演化为中子星中的作用

• 批准号: 1714068
• 负责人: Fridolin Weber
• 金额: $ 27万
• 依托单位: San Diego State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1714068&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quark; Matter; its; Role; Evolution

Galaxies are filled with hundreds of millions of compact stellar objects known as neutron stars. Neutron stars are more massive than our Sun, but are typically only about 20 kilometers across. A thimble full of neutron star matter thus has a mass of one billion tons. At such extraordinary conditions, atomic nuclei collapse and neutrons and protons are squeezed so tightly together that even their building blocks (quarks) may be released. The aim of this project is to study the role of quarks for newly formed neutron stars and to identify possible signatures in astrophysical observables. Graduate and undergraduate students will be trained in areas of physics that are richly interdisciplinary and enrich their educational experience beyond what they learn in the classroom. Students from local middle and high schools will benefit from the PI's research in the form of public lectures and multimedia presentations. This research will support the physics program at state-of-the-art astrophysical instruments, such as FAST, skA, ATHENA, and NICER, that promise the discovery of tens of thousands of new neutron stars at different stages of their evolution.The principal aim of this proposal is to study quark matter under conditions characteristic to proto-neutron stars, using the non-local 3-flavor Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (n3PNJL) model to describe hot and dense quark matter, and to explore the role of quark matter in the evolution of proto-neutron stars to neutron stars. The n3PNJL model is an effective model of quantum chromodynamics that allows for a state-of-the-art modeling of quark matter. The model accounts for the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry and mimics quark confinement via the Polyakov-loop potential. It provides a versatile and numerically-treatable approach to quantum chromodynamics. The best available data from heavy-ion collisions and neutron star observations will be used to constrain the equation of state of (proto-) neutron star matter, which will be computed and made publicly available online at CompOSE and StellarCollapse. Already existing, fully general relativistic numerical 2D rotation and 2D cooling codes will be used to study the rotational evolution of hot proto-neutron stars to cold catalyzed neutron stars self-consistently. Both uniformly-rotating as well as differentially-rotating systems will be considered and their role as possible sources of gravitational radiation explored.

星系中充满了数以亿计的被称为中子星的致密恒星物体。中子星的质量比太阳大，但直径通常只有20公里左右。因此，一个装满中子星物质的顶针有10亿吨的质量。在如此特殊的条件下，原子核坍塌，中子和质子被挤压得如此紧密，甚至它们的基石(夸克)也可能被释放。这个项目的目的是研究夸克对新形成的中子星的作用，并在天体物理观测中确定可能的特征。研究生和本科生将接受物理领域的培训，这些领域具有丰富的跨学科知识，并丰富了他们在课堂上学到的东西以外的教育经验。来自当地初中和高中的学生将通过公开讲座和多媒体演示的形式从PI的研究中受益。这项研究将支持FAST、SKA、雅典娜和NICER等最先进天体物理仪器的物理计划，这些仪器有望发现数万颗处于不同演化阶段的新中子星。该计划的主要目的是研究原中子星特有条件下的夸克物质，使用非局域三味Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio(N3PNJL)模型来描述热和稠密的夸克物质，并探索夸克物质在原中子星向中子星演化中的作用。N3PNJL模型是一个有效的量子色动力学模型，它允许对夸克物质进行最先进的建模。该模型解释了手征对称性的动力学破缺，并通过Polyakov-loop势模拟了夸克禁闭。它为量子色动力学提供了一种通用的、可用数值方法处理的方法。来自重离子碰撞和中子星观测的最佳可用数据将被用来约束(原始)中子星物质的状态方程，该方程将被计算并在Compose和StellarColapse网站上公开提供。已经存在的完全广义相对论2D旋转和2D冷却程序将被用来研究热的原中子星到冷催化中子星的自洽旋转演化。将考虑匀速旋转和差速旋转系统，并探讨它们作为引力辐射源的可能作用。

项目成果

Color superconductivity in compact stellar hybrid configurations

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.96.065807
• 发表时间: 2017-12
• 期刊: Physical Review C
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: I. F. Ranea-Sandoval;M. Orsaria;Sophia Han;F. Weber;W. Spinella

Non-Newtonian Gravity in Strange Quark Stars and Constraints from the Observations of PSR J0740+6620 and GW170817

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb365
• 发表时间: 2019-09
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Shuhua Yang;C. Pi;Xiao-ping Zheng;F. Weber

Cooling of hypernuclear compact stars

超核致密星的冷却

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx3318
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Raduta, Adriana R;Sedrakian, Armen;Weber, Fridolin
• 通讯作者: Weber, Fridolin

Hybrid Stars with Color Superconducting Cores in an Extended FCM Model

• DOI: 10.3390/universe7100370
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: Universe
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Daniela Curin;I. F. Ranea-Sandoval;M. Mariani;M. Orsaria;F. Weber

Fast-spinning and highly magnetized white dwarfs

快速旋转且高度磁化的白矮星

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: World Scientific series in astrophysics
• 作者: Otoniel, E;Coelho, J;Malheiro, M;Weber, F.
• 通讯作者: Weber, F.