Mechanisms and Moderators of Victimization Continuity: The Role of Observed Friend Interactions

受害连续性的机制和调节因素：观察到的朋友互动的作用

• 批准号: 1714304
• 负责人: Hannah Schacter
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Schacter Hannah L
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1714304&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mechanisms; Moderators; Victimization; Continuity; Role

This award was provided as part of NSF's Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships (SPRF) program. The goal of the SPRF program is to prepare promising, early career doctoral-level scientists for scientific careers in academia, industry or private sector, and government. SPRF awards involve two years of training under the sponsorship of established scientists and encourage Postdoctoral Fellows to perform independent research. NSF seeks to promote the participation of scientists from all segments of the scientific community, including those from underrepresented groups, in its research programs and activities; the postdoctoral period is considered to be an important level of professional development in attaining this goal. Each Postdoctoral Fellow must address important scientific questions that advance their respective disciplinary fields. This postdoctoral fellowship award supports the training and research of a young scientist studying the interpersonal consequences of childhood exposure to family aggression in different relationship contexts. The project also incorporates methodological diversity, relying on longitudinal self-report data, coded observations, and daily diary data, which allow for examining critical micro- and macro-level interpersonal processes. Although past research shows that victims of parental aggression are at increased risk for experiencing victimization and/or exhibiting aggression in the context of their peer and romantic relationships, it remains unclear how and why exposure to family violence increases risk for future victimization and aggression. In order to interrupt these maladaptive cycles of violence, it is important to identify the underlying mechanisms that account for the stability of victimization over time and learn about potential protective factors that can buffer victims from enduring interpersonal difficulties. The current project seeks to delineate the interpersonal characteristics of youth with a history of victimization by directly examining adolescents' observed social behaviors in discussions with a close friend. The specific aims of the current project are to examine a) how a history of family victimization influences adolescents? interpersonal style (e.g., affect, behavior) within a dyadic, friendship interaction and b) whether observed maladaptive interpersonal functioning with friends can account for the continuity of victimization over time (e.g., from family to dating partners). By studying victimization longitudinally, across different relational contexts (e.g., family, peer, and romantic partner), and using a range of methods (e.g., self-report, observational coding, daily diary), the proposed study has the potential to advance both methodological and theoretical approaches to studying antecedents and consequences of interpersonal violence. In addition to examining maladaptive interpersonal functioning as a key mechanism implicated in the continuity of victimization across different contexts, the project will investigate the buffering role of social support for adolescents with a history of victimization, relying on both lab-based observed interactions with a friend and daily diary reports. By considering interpersonal relationships as involving dynamic processes-unfolding through both moment-to-moment interactions and gradually over time?the project will offer unique insight into how peers can serve as both a source of stress and resilience across childhood and adolescence. Additionally, identifying the specific factors that maintain versus interrupt victimization stability is hoped to offer increased understanding of how to develop targeted intervention and prevention strategies among youth at risk for or experiencing interpersonal aggression.

该奖项是作为NSF的社会，行为和经济科学博士后研究奖学金（SPRF）计划的一部分提供的。SPRF计划的目标是为学术界，工业或私营部门和政府的科学事业准备有前途的早期职业博士级科学家。SPRF的奖励包括在知名科学家的赞助下进行两年的培训，并鼓励博士后研究员进行独立研究。NSF致力于促进来自科学界各部门的科学家，包括来自代表性不足的群体的科学家参与其研究计划和活动;博士后期间被认为是实现这一目标的专业发展的重要水平。每个博士后研究员必须解决推进各自学科领域的重要科学问题。这个博士后奖学金支持一个年轻科学家的培训和研究，研究在不同的关系背景下，童年暴露于家庭攻击的人际后果。该项目还纳入了方法的多样性，依靠纵向自我报告数据，编码观察和每日日记数据，允许检查关键的微观和宏观层面的人际关系过程。虽然过去的研究表明，父母侵略的受害者在他们的同龄人和浪漫的关系中经历受害和/或表现出侵略的风险增加，但仍然不清楚如何以及为什么暴露于家庭暴力会增加未来受害和侵略的风险。为了中断这些适应不良的暴力循环，必须查明造成受害情况长期稳定的根本机制，并了解能够使受害者免受持久人际关系困难的潜在保护因素。目前的项目旨在通过直接检查青少年在与亲密朋友讨论中观察到的社会行为来描绘有受害史的青少年的人际特征。目前项目的具体目标是研究a）家庭受害史如何影响青少年？人际风格（例如，二元友谊互动中的影响、行为）和B）观察到的与朋友的适应不良人际功能是否可以解释受害随时间的连续性（例如，从家庭到约会伙伴）。通过纵向研究受害，在不同的关系背景下（例如，家庭、同伴和浪漫伴侣），并使用一系列方法（例如，自我报告，观察编码，每日日记），拟议的研究有可能推进方法和理论方法来研究人际暴力的前因和后果。除了研究适应不良的人际功能作为一个关键机制，在不同的情况下，受害的连续性牵连，该项目将调查社会支持的缓冲作用与受害的青少年的历史，依靠实验室观察到的互动与朋友和日常日记报告。把人际关系看作是一个动态的过程，通过即时的互动和逐渐的时间来展开？该项目将提供独特的见解，以了解同龄人如何在童年和青春期成为压力和复原力的来源。此外，确定维持与中断受害稳定性的具体因素，希望提供更多的了解如何制定有针对性的干预和预防战略的风险或经历人际攻击的青年。

项目成果

When it feels good to give: Depressive symptoms, daily prosocial behavior, and adolescent mood.

• DOI: 10.1037/emo0000494
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
• 作者: Schacter HL;Margolin G
• 通讯作者: Margolin G

Peer rejection as a precursor of romantic dysfunction in adolescence: Can friendships protect?

• DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.10.004
• 发表时间: 2019-12
• 期刊: Journal of adolescence
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: H. Schacter

The Interplay of Friends and Parents in Adolescents' Daily Lives: Towards A Dynamic View of Social Support.

朋友和父母在青少年日常生活中的相互作用：社会支持的动态观点。

• DOI: 10.1111/sode.12363
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Social development (Oxford, England)
• 作者: Schacter,HannahL;Margolin,Gayla
• 通讯作者: Margolin,Gayla

Adverse childhood experiences, daily worries, and positive thoughts: A daily diary multi-wave study.

• DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12200
• 发表时间: 2018-11
• 期刊: The British journal of clinical psychology
• 作者: Arbel R;Schacter HL;Kazmierski KFM;Daspe MÈ;Margolin G
• 通讯作者: Margolin G