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From Medical Development Aid to Global HealthGerman Approaches to International Health Work, 1950-2010

从医疗发展援助到全球健康德国国际卫生工作方法，1950-2010

基本信息

批准号：
229143969
负责人：
Professor Dr. Walter Bruchhausen
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Hygiene und Öffentliche Gesundheit
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/229143969?language=en
关键词：
Medical Development Aid Global HealthGerman

项目摘要

With regard to the academic and political debate on Global Health that is quite intense in Germany presently the contextualised and overlapping succession of the diverse approaches of German actors to international health work with their development and varying success, change and disappearance, revival and reformulation has to be compiled and analyzed on the basis of archival and published sources as well as by interviews of 'oral history'. The diverse history of this field exhibits which roles were played by medicine and health during the establishment and in later phases of national, church and private 'development aid' in West Germany and 'solidarity' in East Germany - and how the entanglement with international contexts changed their discussion and implementation. The fate of the health sector in the syn- and diachrone tensions of development co-operation between promotion of economic development and basic needs approaches, between regulation and deregulation as well as between short-, medium- and long-term objectives becomes just as visible as reciprocal effects between international, national and local levels, national and non-governmental participants, the health service and other sectors of development co-operation. The research does not aim at a repetition of the respective health-economic or epidemiological debates, but at a first survey of the medical and health-political issues and their importance in the more general lines of development politics as well as at its local (to be demonstrated by selected examples) and international conditionality. The study is not primarily comparative, but on international entanglement, contains however - by the inevitable consideration of Federal Republic and GDR, churches and social movements - inevitably moments of comparison which will be done in systematic ways as far as it is relevant for the overall question. The focus of the research remains the respective, occasionally changing orientation between curative medicine and prevention, different health problems, utility for others and self-utility, charity and justice, technical and political approaches, partners on leadership levels and populations concerned, administrative and participatory approaches, state and civil society, broad effects and concentration on majors, individual and social interests, macro-economic and socio-political models. Setbacks such as HIV, failing states and new wars, brain drain and climate change are considered in their effects on health in development cooperation.

关于全球卫生的学术和政治辩论，目前在德国相当激烈，德国行为者对国际卫生工作的不同方法的背景化和重叠继承，以及它们的发展和不同的成功，变化和消失，复兴和重新制定，必须在档案和出版资料的基础上进行汇编和分析，以及通过“口述历史”的采访。这一领域的不同历史展品的作用是由医学和健康的建立和后期阶段的国家，教会和私人的“发展援助”在西德国和“团结”在东德国-以及如何与国际环境的纠缠改变了他们的讨论和实施。在促进经济发展与满足基本需求的办法之间、管制与放松管制之间以及短期、中期和长期目标之间的发展合作的同步和历时紧张关系中，卫生部门的命运与国际、国家和地方各级、国家和非政府参与者之间的相互影响一样明显，卫生服务和其他发展合作部门。这项研究的目的不是重复有关卫生-经济或流行病的辩论，而是首次调查医疗和卫生-政治问题及其在发展政治的更一般路线中的重要性，以及其地方（将通过选定的例子加以证明）和国际条件。这项研究主要不是比较性的，而是关于国际纠纷的，然而，由于不可避免地考虑到联邦共和国和民主德国、教会和社会运动，不可避免地包含了比较的时刻，只要它与整个问题有关，就将以系统的方式进行比较。研究的重点仍然是治疗医学和预防、不同的健康问题、对他人的效用和自我效用、慈善和正义、技术和政治方法、领导层和有关人口的伙伴、行政和参与性方法、国家和民间社会、对专业、个人和社会利益的广泛影响和集中之间各自的偶尔变化的方向，宏观经济和社会政治模式。艾滋病毒、失败国家和新的战争、人才外流和气候变化等挫折对发展合作中的健康的影响都得到了考虑。