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Regulatory mechanisms of plant heterotrimeric G-protein signaling

植物异源三聚体G蛋白信号传导的调控机制

基本信息

批准号：
1714693
负责人：
Sona Pandey
金额：
$ 65.84万
依托单位：
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1714693&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Regulatory mechanisms plant heterotrimeric protein

项目摘要

Plants respond to a variety of internal cues and external signals by employing multiple protein signaling complexes, which facilitate changes in plant physiology and environmental adaptation to optimize growth and development. Heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) are a class of proteins that have emerged as key regulators of a multitude of plant signaling pathways. These proteins are currently a focus of intense research due to their involvement in modulation of many agronomically important traits such as seed yield, plant defense responses, symbiosis and nitrogen use efficiency. The mechanistic details of how a small number of proteins regulate a multitude of signaling processes remain largely unknown. This research focuses on the regulatory mechanisms of G-proteins and will address some of the unique features of plant G-protein signaling, which remain undiscovered to date. Successful completion of this research will not only fill major gaps in our knowledge of plant G-protein signaling mechanisms, but will also build a foundation for further targeted studies in other economically important plants, where detailed mechanistic studies are currently not possible. Therefore, in addition to advancing the basic understanding in the field, this study may also apply broadly to some of the problems that challenge the world today, such as generating higher yield with limited resources and unfavorable environments. The work will involve training of a technician and a postdoctoral scientist in multidisciplinary approaches, as well as mentoring of undergraduate students. The research will also help promote an understanding of plant science to high school students and the general public via a series of hands on experiments and interactive presentations.Naturally occurring or engineered changes in the level of G-proteins cause profound effects on plant architecture, abiotic stress responses and yield potential, making elucidation of their underlying signaling mechanisms a high priority. The principal investigator has shown that the regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) protein and a phospholipase D (PLDalpha1) protein act in a double negative loop to precisely control the level of active G-alpha protein in plant cells. The research will now focus on predicting and validating specific G-protein regulatory circuits using biochemical modeling and mutant response assays. Evaluation of the ancestral versus derived states of the G-protein regulatory modes will also be investigated by comparative evolutionary and genetic analyses. This research seeks to answer important questions related to plant G-protein regulatory mechanisms such as, (i) how is the plant G-protein cycle regulated, especially in the context of its unusual biochemical properties? (ii) how is the specificity of response regulation achieved despite a paucity of core components? (iii) how the activation/deactivation balance of G-alpha protein cycle is controlled in the absence of canonical G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in plants? (iv) why is the loss of a key regulatory protein (e.g. RGS protein) tolerated in a subset of plant species, even though it acts as an important regulator of the G-protein cycle in plants that possess it? and (v) what might replace RGS protein function in plants that lack it? Successful completion of this research is expected to not only shed light on G-protein signaling in plants, but to uncover additional, perhaps novel signaling and regulatory pathways in other eukaryotes that have been obscured until now due to the complexity of interactions.

植物通过使用多种蛋白质信号复合物来响应各种内部线索和外部信号，这些蛋白质信号复合物促进植物生理和环境适应的变化以优化生长和发育。异源三聚体GTP结合蛋白（G-proteins）是一类已经成为多种植物信号传导途径的关键调节剂的蛋白质。由于这些蛋白质参与调节许多重要的农艺性状，如种子产量、植物防御反应、共生和氮利用效率，因此目前是密集研究的焦点。少数蛋白质如何调节大量信号传导过程的机制细节在很大程度上仍然未知。这项研究的重点是G蛋白的调控机制，并将解决一些独特的功能，植物G蛋白信号，这仍然是未被发现的日期。这项研究的成功完成不仅将填补我们对植物G蛋白信号传导机制的认识的主要空白，而且还将为其他经济上重要的植物的进一步有针对性的研究奠定基础，目前还不可能进行详细的机制研究。因此，除了推进该领域的基本认识外，这项研究还可以广泛应用于当今世界面临的一些问题，例如在有限的资源和不利的环境下获得更高的产量。这项工作将包括培训一名技术人员和一名博士后科学家，使其掌握多学科方法，并指导本科生。该研究还将通过一系列动手实验和互动演示，帮助高中生和公众加深对植物科学的理解。G蛋白水平的自然发生或工程变化对植物结构、非生物胁迫反应和产量潜力产生深远影响，因此阐明其潜在的信号传导机制是当务之急。主要研究者已经表明，G蛋白信号传导（RGS）蛋白和磷脂酶D（PLDalpha 1）蛋白的调节剂在双负环中起作用，以精确控制植物细胞中活性G-α蛋白的水平。该研究现在将集中在预测和验证特定的G蛋白调控电路使用生化建模和突变体反应测定。评估的祖先与衍生状态的G-蛋白质的监管模式也将通过比较进化和遗传分析进行研究。这项研究旨在回答与植物G蛋白调控机制相关的重要问题，例如：（i）植物G蛋白循环是如何调控的，特别是在其不寻常的生化特性的背景下？(ii)如何在缺乏核心成分的情况下实现反应调节的特异性？(iii)在缺乏典型G-蛋白偶联受体的情况下，植物中G-α蛋白循环的激活/失活平衡是如何控制的？(iv)为什么一个关键的调节蛋白（如RGS蛋白）的丢失在一个亚类的植物物种中被容忍，即使它在拥有它的植物中作为G蛋白循环的重要调节剂？以及（v）在缺乏RGS蛋白的植物中，什么可能取代RGS蛋白的功能？这项研究的成功完成不仅有望揭示植物中的G蛋白信号传导，而且还将揭示其他真核生物中由于相互作用的复杂性而一直被掩盖的额外的，也许是新的信号传导和调控途径。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（15）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Distribution and the evolutionary history of G-protein components in plant and algal lineages

G蛋白成分在植物和藻类谱系中的分布和进化历史

DOI：
10.1093/plphys/kiac153
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Plant Physiology
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Mohanasundaram, Boominathan;Dodds, Audrey;Kukshal, Vandna;Jez, Joseph M.;Pandey, Sona
通讯作者：
Pandey, Sona

Role of Heterotrimeric G-Proteins in Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Crop Plants