Collaborative Research: Using Observations and Models to Study How Dust Grains Between the Stars Align

合作研究：利用观测和模型研究恒星之间的尘埃颗粒如何排列

• 批准号: 1715867
• 负责人: Bengt-Goran Andersson
• 金额: $ 44.38万
• 依托单位: Universities Space Research Association
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1715867&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Using; Observations; Models

This astronomy project aims at improving our understanding of the gas and dust that exists in interstellar space, i.e., in the space between the stars in our Galaxy. The team has developed their own theory about how elongated grains of dust in this "interstellar medium" are lined up. This rather complex process involves magnetic forces or "fields"---which are known to exist in space---and starlight. The theory will be tested using observations from a range of telescopes, including the Herschel and Planck space telescopes, the airborne Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), and the ground-based Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT), and Multi-Mirror Telescope (MMT), among others. Magnetic fields affect the way gas moves through space, and particularly the way clouds collapse under their own weight to form stars. Understanding magnetic fields is therefore hugely important when trying to understand how stars and planets like Earth are formed. Graduate and undergraduate students from Santa Clara University and the University of Wisconsin will be heavily involved in this project. A young post-doctoral researcher will also take a leading role in this effort.This tri-institute collaborative project will develop an analytical version of the Radiative Alignment Torque (RAT) theory for the alignment of irregular, paramagnetic dust grains in the Interstellar Medium (ISM). The theory has already had some qualitative successes in interpreting past observations. The awardees now aim to quantitatively test the theory against a range of observations using an analytical version of the theory that incorporates realistic source structures. When combined with optical and infrared polarization measurements, the RAT theory may be a powerful diagnostic tool for studying interstellar magnetic fields in a variety of environments (Giant Molecular Clouds, Accretion Disks, etc.). Dust-induced polarization provides a relatively straightforward probe of the magnetic field if a reliable understanding of grain alignment is available. Understanding foreground dust polarization is also crucial to studies of the cosmic microwave background. The recipients of this award will provide classroom and hands-on training to students at Santa Clara University and the University of Wisconsin (UW), developing "polarization classes (schools)" that may also be used by non-affiliated undergraduate students. The award also supports outreach aimed at the general public, including programs at the Lick Observatory and as part of the Lassen Dark Sky Festival. Popular science content will be pursued through drafted magazine articles, as well as student involvement in popular astronomy broadcasting in Spanish at UW.

这个天文学项目旨在提高我们对星际空间中存在的气体和尘埃的理解，即，在我们银河系的恒星之间 该团队已经发展了他们自己的理论，关于这种“星际介质”中细长的尘埃颗粒是如何排列的。 这个相当复杂的过程涉及到磁力或“场”-- 该理论将使用一系列望远镜的观测结果进行测试，包括赫歇尔和普朗克太空望远镜，机载平流层红外天文台（索菲亚），地面斯隆数字巡天（SDSS），詹姆斯克拉克麦克斯韦望远镜（JCMT）和多镜望远镜（MMT）等。 磁场会影响气体在太空中的移动方式，特别是云在自身重量下坍塌形成恒星的方式。 因此，理解磁场对于理解恒星和像地球这样的行星是如何形成的非常重要。 圣克拉拉大学和威斯康星州大学的研究生和本科生将积极参与这一项目。 一位年轻的博士后研究员也将在这项工作中发挥主导作用。这个三所合作项目将开发辐射对准扭矩（RAT）理论的分析版本，用于星际介质（ISM）中不规则顺磁性尘埃颗粒的对准。 该理论在解释过去的观测结果方面已经取得了一些定性的成功。 获奖者现在的目标是定量测试的理论对一系列的观察使用的理论，结合现实的源结构的分析版本。 当与光学和红外偏振测量相结合时，RAT理论可能是研究各种环境（巨分子云，吸积云等）中星际磁场的强大诊断工具。 如果对晶粒排列有可靠的了解，则粉尘诱导极化提供了一种相对简单的磁场探测。 了解前景尘埃的偏振对研究宇宙微波背景也至关重要。 该奖项的获得者将为圣克拉拉大学和威斯康星州大学（UW）的学生提供课堂和实践培训，开发也可供非附属本科生使用的“极化课程（学校）”。 该奖项还支持面向公众的宣传活动，包括利克天文台的项目和拉森黑暗天空节的一部分。 科普内容将通过起草杂志文章，以及学生参与流行天文学广播在西澳大学。

项目成果

Understanding Polarized Dust Emission from ρ Ophiuchi A in Light of Grain Alignment and Disruption by Radiative Torques

根据颗粒排列和辐射扭矩的破坏了解 Ï Ophiuchi A 的偏振灰尘发射

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abc6fe
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Tram, Le Ngoc;Hoang, Thiem;Lee, Hyeseung;Santos, Fabio P.;Soam, Archana;Lesaffre, Pierre;Gusdorf, Antoine;Reach, William T.
• 通讯作者: Reach, William T.

JCMT POL-2 and BISTRO Survey Observations of Magnetic Fields in the L1689 Molecular Cloud

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abcc6c
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: K. Pattle;S. Lai;J. Francesco;S. Sadavoy;D. Ward-Thompson;D. Johnstone;Thiem C. Hoang;D. Arzoumanian;P. Bastien;T. Bourke;S. Coud'e;Y. Doi;C. Eswaraiah;L. Fanciullo;R. Furuya;J. Hwang;C. Hull;Ji-hyun Kang;Kee-Tae Kim;F. Kirchschlager;J. Kwon;W. Kwon;C. Lee;Tie Liu;M. Redman;A. Soam;M. Tahani;M. Tamura;Xindi Tang

Spatial Variation in Temperature and Density in the IC 63 PDR from H 2 Spectroscopy

H 2 光谱中 IC 63 PDR 中温度和密度的空间变化

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac2eb7
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Soam, Archana;Andersson, B-G;Karoly, Janik;DeWitt, Curtis;Richter, Matthew
• 通讯作者: Richter, Matthew

The JCMT BISTRO Survey: The Magnetic Field of the Barnard 1 Star-forming Region

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1b23
• 发表时间: 2019-04
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: S. Coud'e;P. Bastien;M. Houde;S. Sadavoy;R. Friesen;J. Francesco;D. Johnstone;S. Mairs;T. Hasegawa;W. Kwon;S. Lai;K. Qiu;D. Ward-Thompson;D. Berry;M. C. Chen;J. Fiege;E. Franzmann;J. Hatchell;K. Lacaille;B. Matthews;G. Moriarty-Schieven;A. Pon;P. Andr'e;D. Arzoumanian;Yusuke Aso;D. Byun;Eswaraiah Chakali;H. Chen;W. Chen;T. Ching;Jungyeon Cho;Minho Choi;A. Chrysostomou;E. Chung;Y. Doi;E. Drabek-Maunder;C. Dowell;S. Eyres;S. Falle;P. Friberg;G. Fuller;R. Furuya;T. Gledhill;S. Graves;J. Greaves;M. Griffin;Q. Gu;S. Hayashi;Thiem C. Hoang;W. Holland;T. Inoue;S. Inutsuka;K. Iwasaki;Il-Gyo Jeong;Yoshihiro Kanamori;A. Kataoka;Ji-hyun Kang;Miju Kang;Sung-ju Kang;K. Kawabata;F. Kemper;Gwanjeong Kim;Jongsoo Kim;Kee-Tae Kim;K. Kim;Mi-Ryang Kim;Shinyoung Kim;J. Kirk;Masato I. N. Kobayashi;P. Koch;J. Kwon;Jeong-Eun Lee;C. Lee;Sang-Sung Lee;Da-lei Li;Di Li;Hua-b. Li;Hongli Liu;Junhao Liu;Sheng-Yuan Liu;Tie Liu;S. Loo;A. Lyo;M. Matsumura;T. Nagata;F. Nakamura;H. Nakanishi;N. Ohashi;T. Onaka;H. Parsons;K. Pattle;N. Peretto;T. Pyo;L. Qian;R. Rao;M. Rawlings;B. Retter;J. Richer;A. Rigby;J. Robitaille;H. Saito;G. Savini;A. Scaife;M. Seta;H. Shinnaga;A. Soam;M. Tamura;Ya-wen Tang;K. Tomisaka;Y. Tsukamoto;Hongchi Wang;Jia‐Wei Wang;A. Whitworth;Hsi-Wei Yen;H. Yoo;Jinghua Yuan;T. Zenko;Chuan-peng Zhang;Guoyin Zhang;Jianjun Zhou;Lei Zhu

The Polstar high resolution spectropolarimetry MIDEX mission

Polstar 高分辨率光谱偏振 MIDEX 任务

• DOI: 10.1007/s10509-022-04107-9
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Astrophysics and Space Science
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Scowen, Paul A.;Gayley, Ken;Ignace, Richard;Neiner, Coralie;Vasudevan, Gopal;Woodruff, Robert;Casini, Roberto;Shultz, Matt;Andersson, B.-G.;Wisniewski, John
• 通讯作者: Wisniewski, John