Collaborative Research: Continuation of the Dark Matter Search with XENON1T at LNGS

合作研究：在 LNGS 上使用 XENON1T 继续暗物质搜索

• 批准号: 1719271
• 负责人: Rafael Lang
• 金额: $ 76.76万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1719271&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Continuation; Dark; Matter

Multiple astronomical observations have established that about 85% of the matter in the universe is not made of normal atoms, but must be otherwise undetected elementary "dark matter" particles that do not emit or absorb light. Deciphering the nature of this so-called Dark Matter is of fundamental importance to cosmology, astrophysics, and high-energy particle physics. A leading hypothesis is that it is comprised of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, or WIMPs, that were produced moments after the Big Bang. If WIMPs are the dark matter, then their presence in our galaxy may be detectable via scattering from atomic nuclei in detectors located deep underground to help reject backgrounds due to cosmic rays. Direct detection of WIMP dark matter would solve a fundamental mystery in particle physics and cosmology, providing a unique window to learning about the primary matter constituent of the Universe and of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. This award supports the US groups involved in the XENON1T dark matter search program at the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) underground laboratory.The XENON project continues to captivate the imagination of the public. This is evidenced, for example, by several TV shows such as "The Big Bang Theory", which on several occasions featured XENON plots and results. Public interest in science is encouraged through talks and outreach activities. XENON1T will play a significant role in solving the dark matter puzzle, by either detecting WIMPs, or putting them under immense pressure as viable dark matter candidates. In addressing this fundamental physics problem, these awards will engage many undergraduate and graduate students as well as post-doctoral researchers, exposing them to a variety of subjects in physics and cosmology, and training them in state-of-the-art technologies, thus preparing to become future leaders in the field. Finally, the instrumentation and techniques used in XENON are relevant to a wide range of applications, from areas in homeland security and medical imaging, to the analysis and statistical treatment of large data sets.The program for the next four years will focus on the continued operation of the XENON1T experiment and its science data analysis. The international XENON Collaboration of 130 scientists continues to be led by the PI at Columbia University with key roles served by US members both in the management of the experiment and its scientific program. XENON1T uses the largest liquid xenon time projection chamber (TPC) built to-date, with 2 tonnes active Xe target, and the highest sensitivity to dark matter Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), at the level of 2 × 10^-47 cm^2 for 40 GeV WIMPs. With funding of this proposal, the US will remain in the lead of the direct search for dark matter well beyond the end of the decade.

多项天文观测已证实，宇宙中约 85% 的物质不是由正常原子组成，而一定是未被检测到的基本“暗物质”粒子，它们不发射或吸收光。破译这种所谓的暗物质的本质对于宇宙学、天体物理学和高能粒子物理学至关重要。一个主要的假设是，它由大爆炸后不久产生的弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMP）组成。如果 WIMP 是暗物质，那么它们在我们银河系中的存在可以通过位于地下深处的探测器中原子核的散射来探测到，以帮助排除宇宙射线造成的背景。直接探测 WIMP 暗物质将解决粒子物理学和宇宙学中的一个基本谜团，为了解宇宙的主要物质成分和粒子物理学标准模型之外的物理学提供了一个独特的窗口。该奖项支持参与 INFN 格兰萨索国家实验室 (LNGS) 地下实验室 XENON1T 暗物质搜索计划的美国团体。XENON 项目继续激发公众的想象力。例如，《生活大爆炸》等几部电视节目就证明了这一点，其中多次以 XENON 情节和结果为特色。通过讲座和外展活动鼓励公众对科学的兴趣。 XENON1T 将通过探测 WIMP 或将它们作为可行的暗物质候选者置于巨大压力下，在解决暗物质难题中发挥重要作用。在解决这一基本物理问题时，这些奖项将吸引许多本科生、研究生以及博士后研究人员，让他们接触物理和宇宙学的各种学科，并培训他们最先进的技术，从而为成为该领域的未来领导者做好准备。最后，XENON 中使用的仪器和技术涉及广泛的应用，从国土安全和医学成像领域到大数据集的分析和统计处理。未来四年的计划将重点关注 XENON1T 实验的持续运行及其科学数据分析。由 130 名科学家组成的国际 XENON 合作组织继续由哥伦比亚大学的 PI 领导，美国成员在实验管理和科学计划方面发挥着关键作用。 XENON1T 采用迄今为止最大的液氙时间投影室 (TPC)，具有 2 吨活性氙靶，对暗物质弱相互作用大质量粒子 (WIMP) 的灵敏度最高，40 GeV WIMP 的灵敏度为 2 × 10^-47 cm^2。有了这项提案的资助，美国将在本世纪末很久之后继续在直接寻找暗物质方面处于领先地位。

项目成果

Correlated single- and few-electron backgrounds milliseconds after interactions in dual-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/p07014
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: A. Kopec;Amanda L. Baxter;M. Clark;R. Lang;Shengchao Li;Juehang Qin;Riya Singh

XENON1T dark matter data analysis: Signal reconstruction, calibration, and event selection

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.052014
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: E. Aprile;J. Aalbers;J. Aalbers;F. Agostini;M. Alfonsi;L. Althueser;F. Amaro;V. C. Antochi;F. Arneodo;L. Baudis;B. Bauermeister;L. Bellagamba;M. Benabderrahmane;T. Berger;P. Breur;A. Brown;E. Brown;S. Bruenner;G. Bruno;R. Budnik;C. Capelli;J. Cardoso;D. Cichon;D. Coderre;A. Colijn;J. Conrad;J. Cussonneau;M. Decowski;P. Perio;P. Gangi;A. Giovanni;S. Diglio;A. Elykov;G. Eurin;J. Fei;A. Ferella;A. Fieguth;W. Fulgione;A. G. Rosso;M. Galloway;F. Gao;M. Garbini;L. Grandi;Z. Greene;C. Hasterok;E. Hogenbirk;J. Howlett;M. Iacovacci;R. Itay;F. Joerg;S. Kazama;A. Kish;G. Koltman;A. Kopec;H. Landsman;R. Lang;L. Levinson;Q. Lin;S. Lindemann;M. Lindner;F. Lombardi;J. Lopes;E. L. Fune;C. Macolino;J. Mahlstedt;A. Manfredini;A. Manfredini;F. Marignetti;T. Undagoitia;J. Masbou;D. Masson;S. Mastroianni;M. Messina;K. Micheneau;K. Miller;A. Molinario;K. Morå;Y. Mosbacher;M. Murra;J. Naganoma;K. Ni;U. Oberlack;K. Odgers;B. Pelssers;R. Peres;R. Peres;F. Piastra;J. Pienaar;V. Pizzella;G. Plante;R. Podviianiuk;H. Qiu;D. Garc'ia;S. Reichard;B. Riedel;A. Rizzo;A. Rocchetti;N. Rupp;J. Santos;G. Sartorelli;N. Šarčević;M. Scheibelhut;S. Schindler;J. Schreiner;D. Schulte;M. Schumann;L. Lavina;M. Selvi;P. Shagin;E. Shockley;M. Silva;H. Simgen;C. Therreau;D. Thers;F. Toschi;G. Trinchero;C. Tunnell;N. Upole;M. Vargas;O. Wack;Haichen Wang;Zhou Wang;Y. Wei;C. Weinheimer;D. Wenz;C. Wittweg;J. Wulf;J. Ye;Yuan Zhang;T. Zhu;J. Zopounidis

A global analysis strategy to resolve neutrino NSI degeneracies with scattering and oscillation data

• DOI: 10.1007/jhep09(2020)106
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: Journal of High Energy Physics
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: B. Dutta;R. Lang;S. Liao;S. Sinha;L. Strigari;A. Thompson

Intrinsic backgrounds from Rn and Kr in the XENON100 experiment

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5565-y
• 发表时间: 2018-02-16
• 期刊: EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Aprile, E.;Aalbers, J.;Zhang, Y.
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Y.

Dark Matter Search Results from a One Ton-Year Exposure of XENON1T

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.111302
• 发表时间: 2018-09-12
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Aprile, E.;Aalbers, J.;Zhu, T.
• 通讯作者: Zhu, T.