AON Collaborative Research: Continuation of long-term Beaufort Gyre observations in 2020-2024 to enhance understanding of the Arctic's role in climate variability

AON 合作研究：2020-2024 年继续进行长期波弗特环流观测，以加深对北极在气候变化中的作用的了解

• 批准号: 1949881
• 负责人: Isabela Le Bras
• 金额: $ 757.5万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1949881&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AON; Collaborative; Research; Continuation; long

The Arctic is undergoing rapid climate change, with atmospheric temperatures warming at a rate greater than twice the global average, a precipitous decline in Arctic sea ice, and sustained accumulation of heat and freshwater in the ocean. These changes have extensive consequences for global climate, marine ecosystems and geopolitics. The Beaufort Gyre is one of the Arctic Ocean’s main sea-ice and ocean circulation systems and a centerpiece for Arctic and global change. The most pronounced sea-ice losses and ocean changes are observed in this region. Conspicuous examples are the substantial increases in concentrations of relatively fresh water in the ocean, and in the amount of heat contained in the ocean. Other prominent changes in the Beaufort Gyre include ocean acidification and transformations in the marine ecosystem. This project is an extensive observing program to document and analyze the Beaufort Gyre’s evolving sea ice and ocean properties. In-depth analyses of the data provide understanding of the Beaufort Gyre’s role in the Arctic and global climate system, which is essential to develop the most viable future climate predictions.This project builds upon the discoveries of the 2003-2020 Beaufort Gyre Observing System (BGOS) project to sample and analyze the Beaufort Gyre. BGOS operations are continued in 2020-2024 including an extensive analysis and interpretation of the data. Ocean moorings sample seawater properties and sea-ice to resolve sub-daily to interannual variability. Annual ship-based ocean sampling, in collaboration with Canadian scientists, augments the year-round mooring measurements. The data comprise measurements of heat, freshwater, currents, bottom pressure, biogeochemical properties, and sea ice. These observations are analyzed and interpreted in context with the existing long-term measurements to test key hypotheses related to the evolving freshwater, energetics of the ice-ocean system, the accumulation of ocean heat, and biogeochemistry. The BGOS program coordinates with and accommodates other national and international projects to enhance effectiveness and interconnections of observing activities. The project includes training of students, providing them with the opportunity to participate in BGOS expeditions and advising them in BGOS data analysis. This encompasses an educational exchange between Yale and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution involving graduate students and summer undergraduate students, and tiered mentoring. Other broader impacts include ship-board scientific presentations, tutorials, and dispatches, participation in the NSF PolarTREC program, and engagement of Arctic communities in Canada and Alaska. The long-term Beaufort Gyre system perspective and knowledge gained from the data and analysis are vital to a wide variety of Arctic processes and, ultimately, our understanding of the climate system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

北极正在发生迅速的气候变化，大气温度的变暖速度大于全球平均水平的两倍，北极海冰急剧下降，并且海洋中的热量和淡水持续加速。这些变化对全球气候，海洋生态系统和地缘政治产生了广泛的影响。 Beaufort Gyre是北极海洋的主要海冰和海洋循环系统之一，也是北极和全球变化的核心。在该地区，观察到最明显的海冰损失和海洋变化。明显的例子是，海洋相对鲜新的水以及海洋中含有的热量的浓度大大增加。 Beaufort Gyre的其他显着变化包括海洋酸化和海洋生态系统中的转化。该项目是一项广泛的观察者计划，用于记录和分析Beaufort Gyre不断发展的海冰和海洋物业。对数据提供了对Beaufort Gyre在北极和全球气候系统中的作用的深入分析，这对于开发最可行的未来气候预测至关重要。该项目建立在2003 - 2020年Beaufort Gyre Gyre观察系统（BGOS）项目的发现基础上，以采样和分析Beaufort Gyre。 BGOS操作在2020 - 2024年进行，包括对数据的广泛分析和解释。海泊的海水样品海水特性和海冰，以每天解决年际变异性。与加拿大科学家合作，年度基于船舶的海洋采样增强了全年的系泊测量。数据包括测量热，淡水，电流，底压，生物地球化学特性和海冰。这些观察结果是根据现有的长期测量值分析和解释的，以测试与不断发展的淡水，ICE-OCEAS的能量学相关的关键假设，BGOS计划与其他国家和国际项目进行了协调，以增强观察活动的有效性和相互联系。该项目包括对学生进行培训，为他们提供了参加BGOS探险的机会，并建议他们参加BGOS数据分析。这涵盖了耶鲁大学和伍兹孔海洋学之间的教育交流，涉及研究生和夏季本科生，以及分层的指导。其他广播公司的影响包括船板科学演示，教程和派遣，参与NSF Polartrec计划以及加拿大和阿拉斯加北极社区的参与。长期的Beaufort Gyre系统的观点和从数据和分析中获得的知识对于各种北极过程至关重要，最终我们对气候系统的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来诚实地认为，通过评估来诚实地支持。

项目成果

The Arctic

北极

• DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-22-0082.1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: Thoman, Richard L.;Druckenmiller, Matthew L.;Moon, Twila A.;Andreassen, L. M.;Baker, E.;Ballinger, Thomas J.;Berner, Logan T.;Bernhard, Germar H.;Bhatt, Uma S.;Bjerke, Jarle W.
• 通讯作者: Bjerke, Jarle W.

Nordic Seas Hydrography in the Context of Arctic and North Atlantic Ocean Dynamics

• DOI: 10.1175/jpo-d-20-0071.1
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: Journal of Physical Oceanography
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: J. Kenigson;M. Timmermans

Arctic Cyclone Activity and the Beaufort High

北极气旋活动和波弗特高压

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-20-0771.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Climate
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Kenigson, Jessica S.;Timmermans, M.-L.
• 通讯作者: Timmermans, M.-L.

Analysis of Acoustic Observations of Double‐Diffusive Finestructure in the Arctic Ocean

北冰洋双扩散精细结构的声学观测分析

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gl089845
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Shibley, Nicole C.;Timmermans, Mary‐Louise;Stranne, Christian
• 通讯作者: Stranne, Christian

Climate-Relevant Ocean Transport Measurements in the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

大西洋和北冰洋与气候相关的海洋运输测量

• DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-04
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Oceanography
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Berx, Barbara;Volkov, Denis;Baehr, Johanna;Baringer, Molly;Brandt, Peter;Burmeister, Kristin;Cunningham, Stuart;de Jong, Marieke;de Steur, Laura;Dong, Shenfu
• 通讯作者: Dong, Shenfu