Ice in Clouds Monograph

云中冰专着

• 批准号: 1723548
• 负责人: Darrel Baumgardner
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: Droplet Measurement Technologies
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-02-01 至 2018-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1723548&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ice; Clouds; Monograph

This award provides partial funding for a monograph on the role of ice in clouds. Ice crystals play an important role in the formation, evolution and impact of clouds on weather and climate. The monograph is a summary of the scientific field's current state of understanding of how ice forms and evolves and of our technological capability to measure the critical properties of these ice crystals. Broad dissemination of the results of past research and workshops will help the community to guide future research that is necessary in ice microphysics.The monograph, titled "Ice Formation and Evolution in Clouds and Precipitation: Measurement and Modeling Challenges," has 5 primary objectives: 1) To summarize our current understanding of ice evolution in clouds, from first ice formation to removal by precipitation, melting, evaporation or sublimation, 2) To identify those processes in ice formation and evolution that are not well understood, and highlight the impacts of those knowledge gaps on the ability to forecast weather, predict future climate, understand cloud electrification, and aviation hazards, 3) To assess current and new measurement systems that characterize ice particle properties and of models that diagnose or prognose ice evolution, 4) To evaluate and compare methodologies used for processing measurements of cloud properties and recommend best practices that minimize uncertainties and maximize extracted information, 5) To formulate a list of recommended actions that can and should be implemented to improve our understanding of ice evolution in cloud.

该奖项为关于冰在云中的作用的专著提供部分资金。冰晶在云的形成、演变和对天气和气候的影响中起着重要作用。该专著总结了科学领域对冰如何形成和演变的理解现状，以及我们测量这些冰晶关键特性的技术能力。广泛传播过去的研究成果和研讨会将有助于科学界指导冰微物理学方面必要的未来研究。该专著题为“云和降水中的冰的形成和演变：测量和建模挑战”，有5个主要目标：1)总结我们目前对云中冰的演变的理解，从最初的冰形成到降水、融化、蒸发或升华的消失；2)识别冰的形成和演变过程中尚不清楚的过程，并强调这些知识差距对天气预报、预测未来气候、理解云电气化和航空危害的影响；3)评估表征冰粒子特性的现有和新的测量系统以及诊断或预测冰演变的模型；4)评估和比较用于处理云特性测量的方法，并推荐最佳实践，以最大限度地减少不确定性和最大限度地提取信息；5)制定可以并且应该实施的建议行动清单，以提高我们对云中冰演变的理解。