Long Term Urban Change in Response to Social Collapse

应对社会崩溃的长期城市变革

• 批准号: 1724462
• 负责人: Sarah Clayton
• 金额: $ 18.72万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1724462&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; Term; Urban; Change; Response

With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Sarah Clayton and colleagues will examine how the collapse of centralized states influences subsequent processes of urban growth and the development of new forms of government. This project employs remote sensing and archaeological methods to investigate the spatial, demographic, and political characteristics of cities that formed in the wake of violent conflict and large-scale migration. Results of this research will advance knowledge of successful strategies of civic planning and polity building among second-generation, or "post-collapse" societies. This project contributes to scholarship concerning the evolution of urban landscapes, modes of governance, and the ways in which the legacies of failed states impact these developments. Such legacies may include concepts of leadership, identity, memories of historical events, and the physical consequences of state-related systems of resource management, transportation, or militarization on surrounding landscapes. This project provides training opportunities for students and enhances international scholarly collaboration through its involvement of researchers from Mexico. The professional advancement of women in STEM fields is supported through the involvement of female students and colleagues in the research. The project makes a positive impact on the local community by working to promote awareness and the preservation of archaeological remains. This research will be carried out at a large pre-Columbian settlement in central Mexico which experienced rapid growth in conjunction with a neighboring polity's decline. As such it provides an important case study for examining strategies of political regeneration and urban planning. Unlike many of its contemporaries, the site prospered following its neighbor's collapse, and within a century had grown from a village of a few hundred people to a city of several thousand, featuring monumental architecture and social stratification. This growth resulted in part from the absorption of migrants, possibly including refugees. This project examines the spatial organization of their new city, the size of its population, and the ways in which the construction of monuments, temples, and public spaces promoted local strategies of leadership. This research employs a program of excavation and remote sensing methods, including aerial photography by drone; radar; and gradient magnetic and electrical resistivity survey to examine the spatial characteristics of the settlement and to estimate the size of the population. The project is methodologically innovative in its application of remote sensing to an extensive area for the purposes of examining urban planning and polity building.

在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，莎拉克莱顿博士和他的同事们将研究中央集权国家的崩溃如何影响城市增长和新政府形式的发展的后续过程。该项目采用遥感和考古方法，调查暴力冲突和大规模移民后形成的城市的空间，人口和政治特征。这项研究的结果将促进第二代或“崩溃后”社会的公民规划和政体建设的成功战略的知识。该项目有助于学术关于城市景观的演变，治理模式，以及失败国家的遗产影响这些发展的方式。这些遗产可能包括领导力、身份、历史事件记忆的概念，以及与国家相关的资源管理、运输或军事化系统对周围景观的物理后果。该项目为学生提供培训机会，并通过墨西哥研究人员的参与加强国际学术合作。通过女学生和同事参与研究，支持妇女在STEM领域的专业进步。该项目通过努力提高认识和保护考古遗迹，对当地社区产生了积极影响。这项研究将在墨西哥中部的一个大型前哥伦布定居点进行，该定居点经历了与邻国政体衰落相结合的快速增长。因此，它提供了一个重要的案例研究，研究战略的政治再生和城市规划。与许多同时代的人不同，这个地方在邻居崩溃后繁荣起来，在世纪内从一个几百人的村庄发展成为一个几千人的城市，具有纪念性的建筑和社会分层。这一增长的部分原因是吸收了移民，可能包括难民。这个项目研究了他们新城市的空间组织，人口规模，以及纪念碑，寺庙和公共空间的建设促进当地领导战略的方式。这项研究采用了挖掘和遥感方法，包括无人机航空摄影;雷达;和梯度磁和电阻率测量，以检查解决的空间特征，并估计人口的规模。该项目在方法上具有创新性，将遥感应用于广泛地区，以审查城市规划和政体建设。

项目成果

The collapse of Teotihuacan and the regeneration of Epiclassic societies: a Bayesian approach

特奥蒂瓦坎的崩溃与古典社会的复兴：贝叶斯方法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2020.101203
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Anthropological Archaeology
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Clayton, Sarah C.