Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Urban Migration in Long Term Context

博士论文改进补助金：长期背景下的城市移民

• 批准号: 1927690
• 负责人: Kenneth Hirth
• 金额: $ 2.28万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1927690&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Urban

Researchers seek to identify patterns of immigration over time and between socioeconomic status groups in ancient, multi-ethnic urban centers to better understand the role migration played in the maintenance of high population numbers and to quantify the proportion of migrants between status groups. In ancient urban studies, researchers often focus on the movement of large aggregate groups of people to a region during the city's initial settlement and the ultimate cause(s) of demographic collapse. While these events are crucial to understanding how ancient urban centers first arose and were eventually abandoned, more attention needs to be paid to how large populations were sustained for long periods of time, some spanning hundreds of years. This research will focus on how immigration in an urban setting contributed to these maintenance efforts. Recent advances in archaeology allow researchers to identify individual and group-level migration across time rather than observing the movement of ancient people as a large, singular event. This doctoral dissertation study will be one of the first to explore the impact of migration over time on population maintenance in a pre-modern city and provide a direct comparison of migrants between multiple tiers of status groups (lower-, middle-, and higher-status producers and consumers). Doctoral student Gina M. Buckley, under the direction of Kenneth G. Hirth, will conduct research at Penn State University. This research will foster international collaboration with Mexico (INAH), Canada (Western University Ontario) and Europe (Max Planck, Jena, Germany) and the development of outreach communication to promote the acceptance of migrant communities. Furthermore, all data obtained through this research will be made available on an open-access platform to support future population studies in pre-modern cities.This doctoral dissertation research project will explore the migration patterns of socioeconomic status groups from La Ventilla, a central neighborhood of Teotihuacan (located near present-day Mexico City), the first multi-ethnic New World city to reach over 100,000 residents (200-600 AD). While it is well chronicled that immigration from the surrounding region fueled much of the city's initial growth, it remains unclear when multi-ethnicity developed here, particularly in the central sectors. Research will test two hypotheses; (1) migration into the heart of Teotihuacan was a continuous process over the entire occupation of this city sector, rather than occurring primarily during its foundation, and (2) larger proportions of lower-status individuals migrated into the center of the city and have significant differences in "quality of life" indicators (skeletal markers of health, age-at-death estimations, and diet) than those of higher status groups. Previous studies of the city population have shown that individuals towards the fringes of the city suffered from common pre-modern problems including malnutrition and high infant mortality rates. Using a broad spectrum of isotopic analyses (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, strontium, and lead) combined with absolute chronological control through radiocarbon dating of human skeletal remains, researchers will determine if immigration was critical to population maintenance for over 400 years of occupation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究人员试图确定随着时间的推移和在古老的多民族城市中心的社会经济地位群体之间的移民模式，以更好地了解移民在维持高人口数量方面所发挥的作用，并量化身份群体之间的移民比例。在古代城市研究中，研究人员经常关注城市最初定居期间大规模人群向一个地区的迁移以及人口崩溃的最终原因。虽然这些事件对于理解古代城市中心最初是如何出现并最终被遗弃的至关重要，但需要更多关注的是大量人口是如何长时间维持的，有些跨越了数百年。这项研究将侧重于如何在城市环境中的移民有助于这些维护工作。考古学的最新进展使研究人员能够识别跨时间的个人和群体级别的迁移，而不是将古代人的迁移作为一个大型的单一事件来观察。这篇博士论文研究将是第一个探索移民随着时间的推移对前现代城市人口维持的影响，并提供多层次身份群体（低，中，高地位生产者和消费者）之间的移民直接比较。博士生Gina M.巴克利，在肯尼思G。赫思将在宾夕法尼亚州立大学进行研究。这项研究将促进与墨西哥（国家人类学和历史研究所）、加拿大（安大略西部大学）和欧洲（德国耶拿马克斯·普朗克）的国际合作，并发展外联交流，以促进对移民社区的接受。此外，通过这项研究获得的所有数据将在一个开放获取的平台上提供，以支持未来的前现代城市人口研究。本博士论文研究项目将探讨特奥蒂瓦坎中心社区La Ventilla的社会经济地位群体的迁移模式（位于今天的墨西哥城附近），第一个多民族的新世界城市，达到超过100，000居民（公元200-600）。虽然来自周边地区的移民推动了该市最初的增长，但目前尚不清楚多民族何时在这里发展起来，特别是在中部地区。研究将检验两个假设;（1）在整个占领期间，向特奥蒂瓦坎市中心的迁移是一个持续的过程，而不是主要发生在其建立期间，（2）大部分低地位的个人迁移到市中心，并在“生活质量”指标方面有显着差异（健康的骨骼标志物，死亡年龄估计和饮食）比地位较高的群体。以前对城市人口的研究表明，城市边缘的人遭受着常见的前现代问题，包括营养不良和高婴儿死亡率。利用广泛的同位素分析（碳，氮，氧，锶和铅）结合通过对人类骨骼遗骸进行放射性碳测年的绝对年代控制，研究人员将确定移民是否对人口维持超过400年的占领至关重要。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

New Perspectives on Migration into the Tlajinga District of Teotihuacan: A Dual-Isotope Approach

• DOI: 10.1017/laq.2021.20
• 发表时间: 2021-09-01
• 期刊: LATIN AMERICAN ANTIQUITY
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Buckley, Gina M.;Storey, Rebecca;Renson, Virginie
• 通讯作者: Renson, Virginie

REFINING CERAMIC CHRONOLOGY AND EPICLASSIC REOCCUPATION AT LA VENTILLA, TEOTIHUACAN USING TRAPEZOIDAL BAYESIAN MODELING

• DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2023.21
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Radiocarbon
• 影响因子: 8.3
• 作者: G. Buckley;Sarah C. Clayton;Sergio Gómez Chávez;Rubén Cabrera Castro;L. Eccles;B. Culleton;D. Kennett