An Anthropological and Linguistic Investigation of Arctic Ceremonial Traditions

北极仪式传统的人类学和语言学调查

• 批准号: 1724508
• 负责人: Andrew Wiget
• 金额: $ 31.35万
• 依托单位: New Mexico State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1724508&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Anthropological; Linguistic; Investigation; Arctic; Ceremonial

Bears are cultural keystone species for many North American peoples. Bear ceremonialism is an important element of Algonkian cultural life, and historically has also been characteristic of Alaska Native peoples including interior Athabascan, coastal Inuit and Yupik, Haida, Tsimshian, and Tlingit peoples. This award supports the scientific investigation of how ceremonies of Athabascan communities in North America encapsulate their linguistic, environmental, and cultural knowledge. Like many Indigenous peoples of the world, Athabascans hold elaborate ceremonies that focus on the spiritual relationships between human beings and animals as a means of ensuring success in hunting and maintaining sustainable relationships with their environment. The research will explore the extent this knowledge supports the long-term sustainability of the environment and culture of these peoples. The approach uses a framework of coproduction of knowledge and cultural conservation; community members play a critical role in the collection and analysis of the data, and the presentation of the data and outcomes. The research will test predictions regarding the roles of traditional ceremonies and local knowledge and experience, and their relationship to cultural identity and community health and wellbeing.The project will employ a mixed methods research strategy collecting and assembling text and video documentation of historical ceremonial practice, and contemporary performances. The project will focus on traditional hunting ceremonies because these are most at risk within the current social and cultural system. The project will focus on analyzing the documentary record in consultation with Indigenous scholars, and key texts will be chosen for transcription in the native language and translation to western languages to create a corpus of digital data. Qualitative content analysis of these native texts, cultural domain analysis, and Indigenous commentary will be used to develop an understanding of cultural principles and practices that support community health and well-being and a sustainable relationship to the environment. The project will also analyze the ceremonies to describe how the widely reported but little understood use of satire is used to dramatize cultural values. The data management plan for the project is extensive and includes an online, open-ended, multi-media archive accessible to other scholars and the public. The data will be collected and stored using a Drupal-based platform for a Mukurtu-like Collection Management System; this is a free, mobile, and open source platform built with Indigenous communities to manage and share digital cultural heritage. The data will also be stored with the Exchange of Local Observations and Knowledge of the Arctic (ELOKA) at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). The communities will also use the project to strengthen a master-apprenticeship program in ceremonial traditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

熊是许多北美民族文化的基石物种。熊仪式是Algonkian文化生活的重要组成部分，历史上也是阿拉斯加原住民的特征，包括内陆的Athabascan，沿海的Inuit和Yupik， Haida， Tsimshian和Tlingit人民。该奖项支持对北美阿萨巴斯坎社区的仪式如何概括其语言，环境和文化知识的科学调查。像世界上许多土著民族一样，阿萨巴斯坎人举行精心设计的仪式，重点关注人与动物之间的精神关系，以此作为确保狩猎成功和与环境保持可持续关系的一种手段。这项研究将探索这些知识在多大程度上支持这些民族的环境和文化的长期可持续性。该方法采用了知识联合生产和文化保护的框架；社区成员在数据的收集和分析以及数据和结果的呈现方面发挥着关键作用。这项研究将测试关于传统仪式和当地知识和经验的作用的预测，以及它们与文化认同和社区健康和福祉的关系。该项目将采用混合方法研究策略，收集和组装历史仪式实践和当代表演的文本和视频文件。该项目将重点关注传统的狩猎仪式，因为在当前的社会和文化体系中，这些仪式面临的风险最大。该项目将与土著学者协商，重点分析文献记录，并选择关键文本以母语转录并翻译为西方语言，以创建数字数据语料库。对这些土著文本的定性内容分析、文化领域分析和土著评论将用于发展对支持社区健康和福祉以及与环境的可持续关系的文化原则和做法的理解。该项目还将分析这些仪式，以描述广泛报道但鲜为人知的讽刺作品是如何被用来戏剧化文化价值的。该项目的数据管理计划是广泛的，包括一个在线的、开放式的、多媒体的档案，可供其他学者和公众访问。数据的收集和存储将使用基于drupal的平台，用于类似mukurtu的收集管理系统；这是一个免费的、移动的、开源的平台，由土著社区建立，用于管理和分享数字文化遗产。这些数据也将存储在国家冰雪数据中心（NSIDC）的北极地方观测和知识交流项目（ELOKA）中。社区还将利用该项目加强仪式传统中的师傅-学徒计划。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Sharing the World With Bears: Conflict and Coexistence in the Siberian Taiga

与熊共享​​世界：西伯利亚针叶林的冲突与共存

• DOI: 10.1007/s10745-022-00364-y
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Human Ecology
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Wiget, Andrew;Balalaeva, Olga
• 通讯作者: Balalaeva, Olga

Valuing Difference: Bear Ceremonialism, the Eastern Khanty, and Cultural Variation among Ob-Ugrians

重视差异：熊仪式、东部汉特和鄂毕乌戈尔人的文化差异

• DOI: 10.3167/sib.2022.210103
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Sibirica
• 影响因子: 0.2
• 作者: Wiget, Andrew;Balalaeva, Olga
• 通讯作者: Balalaeva, Olga

Grizzly and polar bears as nonconsumptive cultural keystone species

灰熊和北极熊是非消耗性文化关键物种

• DOI: 10.1139/facets-2020-0089
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: FACETS
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Clark, Douglas;Artelle, Kyle;Darimont, Chris;Housty, William;Tallio, Clyde;Neasloss, Douglas;Schmidt, Aimee;Wiget, Andrew;Turner, Nancy
• 通讯作者: Turner, Nancy