RAPID proposal: Impact of storm surge on coastal forest demography in response to repeated hurricane disturbances
RAPID 提案:风暴潮对沿海森林人口统计的影响,以应对反复的飓风干扰
基本信息
- 批准号:1725377
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 15.23万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-02-01 至 2018-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Large infrequent disturbances, such as hurricanes, significantly alter coastal forests through damaging winds and salt water carried with the storm surge. Depending on the frequency of the hurricanes and concurrent extent of the wind damage and salt water intrusion, coastal forests can be significantly damaged and may transition into salt water marsh. With a more variable climate system, hurricane return times will decrease and projected increasing sea level rise will enhance the opportunity for salt intrusion. Current understanding of hurricane effects is based largely on the effects of a single hurricane; few studies exist that document effects of repeated storms in one location or that separate the effects of storm surge from wind. In October 2016 Hurricane Matthew hit the South Carolina coast in largely in the same area affected by Hurricane Hugo in 1989, thus providing an opportunity to study multiple hurricane impacts on the same coastal forests. Hurricane Matthew differed in intensity and areas inundated with salt water. The project will introduce newer remote sensing capabilities to expand the studies to understand the short term and long term impacts on structure and functioning of the affected forests and at larger landscape and regional scales. This project's timely field assessments of wind damage, salt stress, soil chemistry, tree functioning, and tree establishment coupled with the remote sensing will test theoretical predictions and advance understanding of large infrequent disturbances on coastal forests. Large infrequent disturbances may structure forest ecosystem responses for very long periods of time and may trigger threshold responses that cause multiple paths of ecosystem response or even shifts in complete ecosystem structure and function. Much of the theory devoted to hurricane disturbance effects on coastal forest ecosystems arises from the study of single hurricanes or immediate response following the hurricane. Empirical tests and data are needed to evaluate multiple hurricanes across short and long time and site to regional space scales to fully understand the recovery and trajectories of change. This project leverages data and research sites from a long-term field study of coastal ecosystems to examine the consequences of the Hurricane Hugo on the recovery from wind throw and salt stress. The new studies will examine how wind damage and the salt intrusion from Hurricane Matthew affected soil processes, forest mortality and succession, forest functioning, and invasion of non-native species in response to differential hurricane disturbance. The remote sensing will assess forest structure, stress, phenology, and plant traits across the marsh/forest landscape and at multiple study areas along the coast of South Carolina. This work will provide critical tests of disturbance theory, succession, ecosystem structure and function across multiple space and time scales.
飓风等罕见的大规模扰动通过破坏性的风和风暴潮携带的盐水,大大改变了沿海森林。根据飓风的频率以及风害和盐水入侵的同时程度,沿海森林可能受到严重破坏,并可能转变为盐水沼泽。随着气候系统更加多变,飓风重现的时间将减少,预计海平面上升将增加盐入侵的机会。目前对飓风影响的理解主要基于单一飓风的影响;很少有研究记录在一个地方重复风暴的影响或将风暴潮的影响与风分开。2016年10月,飓风马修袭击了南卡罗来纳州海岸,大部分地区与1989年受飓风雨果影响的地区相同,因此提供了一个研究多个飓风对同一沿海森林影响的机会。飓风马修的强度和被海水淹没的地区有所不同。该项目将引进较新的遥感能力,以扩大研究范围,了解对受影响森林的结构和功能的短期和长期影响,以及在更大的景观和区域范围内的影响。该项目对风害、盐胁迫、土壤化学、树木功能和树木建立的及时实地评估,加上遥感,将检验理论预测,并促进对沿海森林大规模罕见干扰的理解。偶尔发生的大规模干扰可能会在很长一段时间内构成森林生态系统的反应,并可能触发阈值反应,导致生态系统反应的多种途径,甚至整个生态系统的结构和功能发生变化。大部分关于飓风对沿海森林生态系统的扰动影响的理论都来自于对单一飓风或飓风后立即反应的研究。需要实证测试和数据来评估短期和长期的多个飓风,并从地点到区域空间尺度,以充分了解恢复和变化轨迹。该项目利用沿海生态系统长期实地研究的数据和研究地点,研究飓风雨果对风抛和盐胁迫恢复的影响。新的研究将研究飓风马修造成的风灾和盐入侵如何影响土壤过程、森林死亡率和演替、森林功能以及非本土物种入侵,以应对不同的飓风干扰。遥感将评估整个沼泽/森林景观和沿着南卡罗来纳州海岸的多个研究区域的森林结构、压力、物候和植物特征。这项工作将在多个空间和时间尺度上提供干扰理论、演替、生态系统结构和功能的关键测试。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Thomas O'Halloran其他文献
The Thrombosis in Patients with Lower Limb Injuries Requiring Immobilisation Study . (TILLIRI study)
- DOI:
10.1182/blood-2024-207079 - 发表时间:
2024-11-05 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Denis O'Keeffe;Thomas O'Halloran;Fionnuala Ni Ainle;Bibi Bassa;Michael Watts;Siobhan Egan - 通讯作者:
Siobhan Egan
Thomas O'Halloran的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Thomas O'Halloran', 18)}}的其他基金
MRI: Acquisition of a Soil Greenhouse Gas Flux Measurement System to Support Research in Coastal Ecology and Sustainable Agriculture
MRI:购买土壤温室气体通量测量系统以支持沿海生态和可持续农业研究
- 批准号:
1828167 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 15.23万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Presidential Young Investigator Award: Metal Ion Regulationof Gene Expression
总统青年研究员奖:基因表达的金属离子调控
- 批准号:
8657704 - 财政年份:1987
- 资助金额:
$ 15.23万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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