Collaborative Research: Hydrologic and Permafrost Changes Due to Tree Expansion into Tundra

合作研究:树木扩展到苔原导致的水文和永久冻土变化

基本信息

项目摘要

The Arctic has been warming at an accelerating rate over the last several decades, and at the same time, trees and shrubs have been invading into tundra across the polar regions of Alaska, Canada, and Russia. These shifts in vegetation may, in turn, have the potential to influence regional hydrology and climate. The goal of this collaborative project is to combine approaches to study water, energy, and carbon cycling to understand inteactions between forest and tundra, including permafrost. The investigators will examine the effects of tree expansion, or encroachment, on movement of water between earth and air in an understudied forest-tundra boundary in the Siberian Arctic. The methods will include collection and analysis of field data, use of remote sensing, and modeling. The investigators will collaborate with scientists and students in Russia, and U.S. graduate students will be exposed to interdisciplinary research, perform field work in Russia, and have the opportunity to develop international collaborations. Various outreach activities will inform the public about results of this research and more generally, about the role of the Arctic in global environmental change. These activities include development of museum exhibits at the Museum of Natural History (MI), Orton Geological Museum (OH), Museum of Prairiefire (KS); public research seminars engaging indigenous people of Yamal (Russia); and documentaries showcasing this study in social and news media.The objective of this project is to study changes in hydrology and permafrost associated with tree expansion into tundra areas at the scales of both the field observational program and the regional Western Siberian Plain. The underlying hypotheses are that the tree encroachment process 1) alters the seasonality of heat exchange between the land and the atmosphere, 2) increases surface evapotranspiration, and 3) leads to warming of the subsurface with a progressive increase of thickness of soil seasonal thaw depth. The research builds on fifty years of observations in the areas with documented larch and spruce encroachment in the Polar Urals and southern Yamal Peninsula of Russia. The investigators will use a novel theory combined with comprehensive field observational data and remote sensing analyses to reveal the differences in heat exchange between the tundra and forest land covers. Pairs of field monitoring plots will be identified, with expansion of larch and spruce in one plot and no encroachment in the second of the pair. Field observations will include measurements of: micrometeorology, snow conditions, and radiative fluxes; tree-scale sap flows; snow water equivalent; soil temperature, moisture, and heat fluxes; active layer thickness; and soil composition. Field data will inform a model to derive surface energy budgets and heat fluxes. Remote sensing data from 1980s to present will connect local trends inferred from these field observations with regional characertistics of the Western Siberian Plain. Observed and modeled heat fluxes will be used in a comprehensive physical model to study the impact of vegetation encroachment on permafrost dynamics at both local and regional scales, and analysis of uncertainty will assess the reliability of the project findings.
在过去的几十年里,北极一直在加速变暖,与此同时,树木和灌木正在入侵阿拉斯加,加拿大和俄罗斯极地地区的苔原。植被的这些变化反过来可能会影响区域水文和气候。这个合作项目的目标是联合收割机的方法来研究水,能源和碳循环,以了解森林和苔原之间的相互作用,包括永久冻土。研究人员将在西伯利亚北极地区一个未充分研究的森林-冻土带边界考察树木扩张或侵占对土壤和空气之间水分运动的影响。这些方法将包括收集和分析实地数据、使用遥感和建模。研究人员将与俄罗斯的科学家和学生合作,美国研究生将接触跨学科研究,在俄罗斯进行实地考察,并有机会发展国际合作。各种外联活动将向公众介绍这项研究的结果,并更广泛地介绍北极在全球环境变化中的作用。这些活动包括:在自然历史博物馆(密歇根州)、奥顿地质博物馆(俄亥俄州)、Prairifire博物馆(堪萨斯州)举办博物馆展览;举办有亚马尔土著人民参加的公共研究研讨会(俄罗斯);该项目的目标是研究与树木扩张到苔原地区相关的水文和永久冻土的变化,实地观测计划和区域西西伯利亚平原。其基本假设是:树木入侵过程1)改变了陆地与大气之间热交换的季节性,2)增加了地表蒸散量,3)导致地下变暖,土壤季节性融化深度的厚度逐渐增加。这项研究建立在对俄罗斯乌拉尔极地和亚马尔半岛南部落叶松和云杉入侵地区50年的观测基础上。研究人员将使用一种新的理论,结合全面的实地观测数据和遥感分析,揭示苔原和森林土地覆盖之间的热交换差异。将确定成对的实地监测地块,其中一个地块的落叶松和云杉的扩张,而另一个地块的落叶松和云杉没有被侵占。实地观测将包括以下测量:微气象学、雪况和辐射通量;树级液流;雪水当量;土壤温度、湿度和热通量;活动层厚度;和土壤成分。现场数据将为模型提供信息,以获得表面能量收支和热通量。从20世纪80年代至今的遥感数据将从这些实地观测推断出的当地趋势与西西伯利亚平原的区域特征联系起来。观测到的和模拟的热通量将用于一个综合物理模型,以研究植被侵蚀对当地和区域尺度的永久冻土动态的影响,对不确定性的分析将评估项目结果的可靠性。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Peak Runoff Timing Is Linked to Global Warming Trajectories
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2021ef002083
  • 发表时间:
    2021-08
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Donghui Xu;V. Ivanov;Xiuyuan Li;T. Troy
  • 通讯作者:
    Donghui Xu;V. Ivanov;Xiuyuan Li;T. Troy
Surface Energy Budgets of Arctic Tundra During Growing Season
Streamflow, stomata, and soil pits: Sources of inference for complex models with fast, robust uncertainty quantification
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.01.002
  • 发表时间:
    2019-03
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.7
  • 作者:
    M. Dwelle;Jongho Kim;K. Sargsyan;V. Ivanov
  • 通讯作者:
    M. Dwelle;Jongho Kim;K. Sargsyan;V. Ivanov
Spatiotemporal dynamics of encroaching tall vegetation in timberline ecotone of the Polar Urals Region, Russia
  • DOI:
    10.1088/1748-9326/ac3694
  • 发表时间:
    2021-11
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    6.7
  • 作者:
    Wenbo Zhou;V. Mazepa;S. Shiyatov;Yulia V. Shalaumova;Tianqi Zhang;Desheng Liu;A. Sheshukov;
  • 通讯作者:
    Wenbo Zhou;V. Mazepa;S. Shiyatov;Yulia V. Shalaumova;Tianqi Zhang;Desheng Liu;A. Sheshukov;
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Valeriy Ivanov其他文献

Hydraulic traits explain differential responses of Amazonian forests to the 2015 El 15 Nino-induced drought 16
水力特征解释了亚马逊森林对 2015 年厄尔尼诺现象引起的干旱 15 的差异反应 16
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Fernanda V. Barros;P.R.L. Bittencourt;M. Brum;;17;Coupe;Luciano Pereira;G. Teodoro;S. Saleska;L. Borma;B. Christoffersen;D. Penha;Luciana F. Alves;Adriano J. N. Lima;V. Carneiro;P. Gentine;Jung;L. E. Aragão;Valeriy Ivanov;Leila S. M. Leal;Alessandro C. Araújo;Rafael S. Oliveira
  • 通讯作者:
    Rafael S. Oliveira

Valeriy Ivanov的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Valeriy Ivanov', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: RAPID: A perfect storm: will the double-impact of 2023/24 El Nino drought and forest degradation induce a local tipping-point onset in the eastern Amazon?
合作研究:RAPID:一场完美风暴:2023/24厄尔尼诺干旱和森林退化的双重影响是否会导致亚马逊东部地区出现局部临界点?
  • 批准号:
    2403882
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Understanding Urban Resilience to Pluvial Floods Using Reduced-Order Modeling
合作研究:使用降阶模型了解城市对洪涝灾害的抵御能力
  • 批准号:
    2053429
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: NNA Research: Interactions of natural and social systems with climate change, globalization, and infrastructure development in the Arctic
合作研究:NNA 研究:自然和社会系统与气候变化、全球化和北极基础设施发展的相互作用
  • 批准号:
    2126792
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Cascade “Ecohydromics” in the Amazonian Headwater System
合作研究:亚马逊河源头系统的级联“生态水文学”
  • 批准号:
    2111028
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
NNA Track 2: Collaborative Research: Interactions of environmental and land surface change, animals, infrastructure, and peoples of the Arctic
NNA 轨道 2:合作研究:环境和地表变化、动物、基础设施和北极人民的相互作用
  • 批准号:
    1928014
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Are Amazon forest trees source or sink limited? Mapping hydraulic traits to carbon allocation strategies to decipher forest function during drought
合作研究:亚马逊森林树木的来源或汇是否有限?
  • 批准号:
    1754163
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: A Multi-Scale Approach to Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Hydrologic and Geomorphic Response of Watershed Systems within an Uncertainty Framework
职业:在不确定性框架内评估气候变化对流域系统水文和地貌响应影响的多尺度方法
  • 批准号:
    1151443
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative research: Linking Heterogeneity of Above-Ground and Subsurface Processes at the Gap-Canopy Patch Scales to Ecosystem Level Dynamics
合作研究:将间隙冠层斑块尺度的地上和地下过程的异质性与生态系统水平动态联系起来
  • 批准号:
    0911444
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.28万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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合作研究:EAR-气候:森林土壤和树木温室气体排放的水力和水文调节以及用氡作为新型示踪剂进行检测
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