Qur'anic Approaches to Jesus Christ in the Perspective of Comparative Theology

基督论是基督徒和穆斯林之间通常被认为是这两个宗教之间的关键差异点。例如，对于基督徒来说，耶稣基督是上帝之子的信仰确立了一个核心信仰，而穆斯林似乎觉得拒绝这个信仰是他们信仰的一个基本部分。因此，基督教承认耶稣是基督被认为是伊斯兰教和基督教之间最重要的区别。另一方面，除了基督教之外，可能没有其他宗教在自己的信仰的规范基础上承认拿撒勒人耶稣的人格和生命是伊斯兰的。因此，可以毫不费力地说，伊斯兰传统一直培养出对拿撒勒人耶稣的非凡魅力。有趣的是，拿撒勒的耶稣在古兰经中偶尔会得到比穆罕默德更高的职位。鉴于《古兰经》中耶稣被描述为上帝的话语的一些陈述，从它们的基督学内容来考察这些陈述似乎非常有趣。因此，该项目将从一个特别的基督教角度审视是否可行，将《古兰经》对拿撒勒的耶稣的欣赏视为基督学的一种形式，这可能是在说一些对基督徒有价值的东西。根据这一思想，人们还可以问，基督教信仰是否可以在一定程度上适应《古兰经》中在其信仰框架内对拿撒勒耶稣的描述，这种方法的特殊性是否可以被视为对基督教身份的丰富。同样，穆斯林比较神学应该讨论的问题是，是否可以在为伊斯兰思想提供对耶稣的新理解的基础上，重新审视基督教承认耶稣为基督和《古兰经》关于耶稣的陈述之间的关系。逊尼派和什叶派之间关于这一点的穆斯林内部辩论似乎带有具体的差异，这些差异也可以在圣训文献和评论传统中发现。他们都采用了不同的方法来评论拿撒勒人耶稣的生平，因此单独评估教派对耶稣的解释是合理的。在我们项目的第一阶段集中讨论了什叶派对这一组问题的方法之后，我们现在想更详细地研究逊尼派的方法。逊尼派对这一问题的看法将通过对古兰经的新解释学方法来获得，例如穆哈纳德·霍尔奇德介绍的古兰经。还将通过柏林语料库项目的结果向委员会通报情况。

The Christology is among Christians and Muslims generally regarded as the crucial point of difference between the two religions. For instance, whereas for Christians the belief in Jesus Christ as the Son of God establishes a core belief, Muslims seem to feel that refusing this belief is a fundamental part of their faith. Consequently, the Christian confession of Jesus as the Christ is considered to be the single most important difference between Islam and Christianity.On the other hand, there is probably no other religion besides Christianity, which acknowledges in the normative foundations of its own faith such a deep appreciation of the person and life of Jesus of Nazareth as Islam.Therefore, it can be stated without much debate that the Islamic tradition has always cultivated a remarkable fascination with Jesus of Nazareth. Interestingly, Jesus of Nazareth receives in the Quran occasionally even a higher position than Muhammad. Given some Quranic statements in which Jesus is described as the Word of God, it seems very intriguing to examine these statements towards their Christological content.The project will therefore scrutinize whether it is feasible, from a particularly Christian perspective, to recognize the Quranic appreciations of Jesus of Nazareth as a form of Christology, which could possibly be saying something valuable to Christians. In accordance with that thought one can also ask, whether the Christian faith could accommodate to a certain extend the depiction of Jesus of Nazareth in the Quran within its own frame of belief and could the peculiarity of this approach be regarded as an enrichment of the Christian identity. Similarly, a Muslim Comparative Theology should discuss the question whether the relationship between the Christian confession of Jesus as the Christ and the Quranic statements about Jesus can be reviewed on the grounds of offering a new understanding of Jesus to Islamic thought. The intra-Muslim debate on this point between Sunnis and Shiites seem to carry specific differences that can also be detected in the hadith literature and the commentary traditions. They all engage diverse approaches to comment on the life of Jesus of Nazareth, it therefore is reasonable to evaluate the denomination's interpretations of Jesus separately.After focusing on the Shia approach to this set of questions in the first period of our project, we would like to work in more detail on the Sunni approach now. The Sunni perspective on this matter will be accessed through the new hermeneutical approaches to the Quran, as it is introduced for example by Mouhanad Khorchide. it will also be informed through the results of the Corpus Coranicum project in Berlin.