Experimental Study of Mineral Solubility in Fluids of the Deep Crust and Upper Mantle

深地壳和上地幔流体中矿物溶解度的实验研究

• 批准号: 1732256
• 负责人: Craig Manning
• 金额: $ 40.3万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1732256&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Study; Mineral; Solubility; Fluids

Fluids in Earth's deep crust and upper mantle play an important role in a wide range of geological processes. They change rock compositions, participate in crustal and mantle melting, and mediate how rocks deform. Their ability to change rock composition figures prominently in Earth?s long term compositional evolution that resulted in formation of the continental crust on which we live. The action of fluids in deep environments is a fundamental aspect of melting that leads to large volcanoes whose volatile content governs explosivity and therefore the hazards they pose. By controlling how rocks deform, fluids in deep settings also play a poorly understood role in deep, slow-slip earthquakes whose generation we are only now beginning to understand.This project aims to experimentally characterize the basic physical chemistry of how water interacts with and dissolves minerals in the deep crust and upper mantle. It is proposed to conduct experiments in three areas. The first will provide robust thermodynamic constraints on the speciation of aqueous silica, the most abundant neutral species at most crustal conditions. A second component of the work focuses on dissolved Si at alkaline conditions. This is because models suggest that the pH crustal and mantle fluids is alkaline over a wide range of P and T. Finally. the team will extend previous experiments on quartz and feldspar solubility in H2O-salt solutions to include CaCl2 and anorthite, which have not previously been studied but which are key ingredients to any understanding of deep fluids. All experiments will involve hydrothermal piston-cylinder methods which provide precise and accurate solubility constraints at the requisite conditions. The work will provide constraints that will help improve new models of the chemistry of fluid-rock interaction at high pressure and temperature.

地球深部地壳和上地幔中的流体在广泛的地质作用中起着重要作用。它们改变了岩石的成分，参与了地壳和地幔的熔融，并调节了岩石的变形。他们改变岩石成分的能力在地球上很突出？长期的成分演化导致了我们生活的大陆地壳的形成。深层环境中流体的作用是导致大火山的熔融的一个基本方面，大火山的挥发性含量决定了爆炸性，因此也决定了它们构成的危险。通过控制岩石变形，深部流体在深部缓慢滑动地震中也扮演着一个鲜为人知的角色，我们现在才开始了解地震的发生。该项目旨在通过实验表征水如何与地壳深部和上地幔中的矿物相互作用并溶解矿物的基本物理化学。建议在三个领域进行试验。第一个将提供强大的热力学约束形态的含水二氧化硅，最丰富的中性物种在大多数地壳条件。工作的第二个组成部分集中在碱性条件下溶解的硅。这是因为模型表明，地壳和地幔流体的pH值在很宽的P和T范围内都是碱性的。终于来了该小组将把以前关于石英和长石在水盐溶液中溶解度的实验扩展到包括氯化钙和钙长石，这两种物质以前没有被研究过，但它们是理解深部流体的关键成分。所有实验都将涉及水热活塞缸方法，该方法在必要条件下提供精确和准确的溶解度限制。这项工作将提供限制，这将有助于改善在高压和高温下流体-岩石相互作用的化学新模型。

项目成果

The Viscosity and Atomic Structure of Volatile-Bearing Melilititic Melts at High Pressure and Temperature and the Transport of Deep Carbon

高压高温下含挥发分黄三柱石熔体的粘度和原子结构以及深部碳的输运

• DOI: 10.3390/min10030267
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Minerals
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Stagno, Vincenzo;Stopponi, Veronica;Kono, Yoshio;D’Arco, Annalisa;Lupi, Stefano;Romano, Claudia;Poe, Brent T.;Foustoukos, Dionysis I.;Scarlato, Piergiorgio;Manning, Craig E.
• 通讯作者: Manning, Craig E.

Carbon sequestration during core formation implied by complex carbon polymerization

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08742-9
• 发表时间: 2019-02
• 期刊: Nature Communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: N. Solomatova;R. Caracas;C. Manning

Magmatic evolution of the Campi Flegrei and Procida volcanic fields, Italy, based on interpretation of data from well-constrained melt inclusions

意大利 Campi Flegrei 和 Procida 火山田的岩浆演化，基于对约束良好的熔体包裹体数据的解释

• DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.06.003
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Earth-Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 12.1
• 作者: Esposito, Rosario;Badescu, Kimberly;Steele-MacInnis, Matthew;Cannatelli, Claudia;De Vivo, Benedetto;Lima, Annamaria;Bodnar, Robert J.;Manning, Craig E.
• 通讯作者: Manning, Craig E.

Subduction-Zone Fluids

• DOI: 10.2138/gselements.16.6.395
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: Elements
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: C. Manning;M. Frezzotti

Dissolution susceptibility of glass-like carbon versus crystalline graphite in high-pressure aqueous fluids and implications for the behavior of organic matter in subduction zones

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2020.01.030
• 发表时间: 2020-03-15
• 期刊: GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Tumiati, Simone;Tiraboschi, Carla;Poli, Stefano
• 通讯作者: Poli, Stefano