Mapping variability in the thermo-mechanical structure of the North American Plate and upper mantle
绘制北美板块和上地幔热力结构的变异性
基本信息
- 批准号:1736165
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 18.15万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-09-01 至 2019-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
EarthScope provides an unprecedented view into the Earth, enabling the emergence of new interpretations and questions concerning the physics of the Earth's interior. In addition to the purely basic research questions of earth structure, dynamics and evolution, understanding the thermal and mechanical structure is central to understanding societally relevant problems such as the Earth's response to melting ice sheets and rising sea levels, the volcanic potential beneath Yellowstone, and the regional origin of the geothermal gradient for high temperature geothermal energy production. The tectonic plate, or lithosphere, beneath Central and Eastern North America is tectonically stable, but Western North America has a complex recent history (60 million years) of magmatism and deformation, and a correspondingly thin and varied lithosphere structure. The PIs are developing computational methods for interpreting the thermo-mechanical structure (the temperature and the strength) of the upper mantle based on seismic data from the USArray. The core of the method is the systematic calculation of mechanical properties across a vast range of time scale, from seismic wave propagation (seconds) to mantle convection (millions of years) and everything in between. These properties depend on temperature, stress and other thermodynamic "state" variables. When we identify models that are consistent with observations at one time scale, those models constrain physical properties at other time scales. This particular project focuses on how heat from the mantle can corrode the tectonic plates from their underside, influencing where volcanoes and earthquakes occur closer to the surface. The broader impacts of this project fall into three categories: (1) the benefits of development of a unique, very flexible and integrative community code and its uptake by the seismology community; (2) advancement of three early career scientists; and (3) new development of visualization of EarthScope data products for the "SeismoDome" program in the Hayden Planetarium, school curricula and the general public. The aim of this project is to advance the quantitative interpretation of seismic measurements to constrain the thermo-mechanical structure of the shallow upper mantle beneath North America. In particular, the PIs are exploring the possibility that thermal-chemical corrosion occurs by melt infiltration into the plate. Central to this project, the Very Broadband Rheology (VBR) Calculator comprises computational methods intended to form practical and transparent bridges between petrology, seismology, mineral/rock physics and geodynamics. This project expands upon the VBR Calculator for calculation of frequency dependent mechanical properties across the broad range of time scales of geophysical interest, from seismic wave propagation to glacial isostatic adjustment to tectonic plate motions. By using a single approach at multiple locations around the continental US, we enable a direct comparative analysis of 1-D models of regional averages of measurements derived from the seismic wave field, with an emphasis on velocity, attenuation, and receiver functions. Initial results show that there are single forward models that can fit the average Vs "Stable North American" (SNA) lithosphere and asthenosphere. However, the "Tectonic North America" (TNA) velocity profile cannot be fit by a single, simple, steady-state thermal profile, indicating a more complex thermal history that has not reached a steady state. In the proposed research, new 1D open-system two phase flow models with heat advection by melt migration are being developed and added to the VBR library. These models characterize this kind of disequilibrium much further, producing lithospheric corrosion rates with reduced but realistic physics. The open system model results is being used to predict receiver function amplitude and width, enabling the seismic measurements to provide more detailed constraints on the thermal-mechanical structure in each setting.
EarthScope提供了一个前所未有的地球视角,使有关地球内部物理学的新解释和新问题得以出现。除了地球结构、动力学和进化等纯粹的基础研究问题外,了解热学和力学结构对于理解与社会相关的问题至关重要,例如地球对冰盖融化和海平面上升的反应,黄石公园地下的火山潜力,以及高温地热能生产的地温梯度的区域起源。北美中部和东部下面的构造板块或岩石圈在构造上是稳定的,但北美西部有一个复杂的岩浆活动和变形的近代史(6000万年),相应地有一个薄而多变的岩石圈结构。pi正在开发计算方法,用于根据USArray的地震数据解释上地幔的热力学结构(温度和强度)。该方法的核心是在大范围的时间尺度上系统地计算机械性能,从地震波传播(秒)到地幔对流(数百万年)以及其间的一切。这些性质取决于温度、应力和其他热力学“状态”变量。当我们确定与某个时间尺度上的观测结果一致的模型时,这些模型会约束其他时间尺度上的物理性质。这个特别的项目侧重于地幔的热量如何从构造板块的底部腐蚀构造板块,影响火山和地震发生在离地表更近的地方。该项目的更广泛影响可分为三类:(1)开发独特、非常灵活和综合的社区规范的好处,以及地震学界对其的吸收;(2) 3名早期职业科学家的晋升;(3)为海登天文馆“SeismoDome”项目、学校课程和公众提供可视化EarthScope数据产品的新发展。该项目的目的是推进地震测量的定量解释,以约束北美浅层上地幔的热力学结构。特别是,pi正在探索熔体渗透到板中发生热化学腐蚀的可能性。该项目的核心是Very Broadband流变学(VBR)计算器,其计算方法旨在在岩石学、地震学、矿物/岩石物理学和地球动力学之间建立实用而透明的桥梁。该项目扩展了VBR计算器,用于计算地球物理感兴趣的广泛时间尺度上的频率相关力学特性,从地震波传播到冰川均衡调整再到构造板块运动。通过在美国大陆的多个地点使用单一方法,我们能够直接比较分析从地震波场获得的区域平均测量的一维模型,重点是速度、衰减和接收函数。初步结果表明,存在能够拟合平均v“稳定北美”(SNA)岩石圈和软流圈的单一正演模式。然而,“构造北美”(TNA)速度剖面不能被单一的、简单的、稳态的热剖面拟合,这表明一个更复杂的热历史尚未达到稳态。在本研究中,开发了新的熔体迁移热平流的一维开放系统两相流模型,并将其添加到VBR库中。这些模型更深入地描述了这种不平衡,用简化但现实的物理原理产生了岩石圈腐蚀速率。开放系统模型结果用于预测接收函数振幅和宽度,使地震测量能够提供每种环境下更详细的热力学结构约束。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
“Measures of Dissipation in Viscoelastic Media” Extended: Toward Continuous Characterization Across Very Broad Geophysical Time Scales
– 粘弹性介质耗散测量 – 扩展:在非常广泛的地球物理时间尺度上进行连续表征
- DOI:10.1029/2019gl083529
- 发表时间:2019
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:Lau, Harriet C. P.;Holtzman, Benjamin K.
- 通讯作者:Holtzman, Benjamin K.
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Benjamin Holtzman其他文献
A new age of fuel performance code criteria studied through advanced atomistic simulation techniques
通过先进的原子模拟技术研究燃料性能规范标准的新时代
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2011 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Benjamin Holtzman - 通讯作者:
Benjamin Holtzman
Benjamin Holtzman的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Benjamin Holtzman', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Towards a new framework for interpreting mantle deformation: integrating theory, experiments, and observations spanning seismic to convective timescales
合作研究:建立解释地幔变形的新框架:整合从地震到对流时间尺度的理论、实验和观测
- 批准号:
2218224 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: SI2-SSI: Inquiry-Focused Volumetric Data Analysis Across Scientific Domains: Sustaining and Expanding the yt Community
合作研究:SI2-SSI:跨科学领域以调查为中心的体积数据分析:维持和扩展 yt 社区
- 批准号:
1663893 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: An Experimental Investigation of Reactive Melt Channelization in Partially Molten Rocks
合作研究:部分熔融岩石中反应熔体通道化的实验研究
- 批准号:
1459664 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Immersive Audio-visualization of Seismic Wave Fields in the Earth (EarthScope Education & Outreach)
合作研究:地球地震波场的沉浸式视听(EarthScope Education
- 批准号:
1147763 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Dynamical coupling of deformation and melt transport in the Earth: A combined theoretical and experimental study
地球变形与熔体输运的动力耦合:理论与实验相结合的研究
- 批准号:
1141976 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
CAREER: Very Broadband Rheology and the Internal Dynamics of Plate Boundaries on Earth
职业:超宽带流变学和地球板块边界的内部动力学
- 批准号:
1056332 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Evaluating the Roles of Melt Migration and Mantle Flow in Lithospheric Evolution: The Colorado Plateau as a Geodynamic Laboratory for EarthScope
合作研究:评估熔体迁移和地幔流在岩石圈演化中的作用:科罗拉多高原作为 EarthScope 的地球动力学实验室
- 批准号:
0952202 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
MARGINS Postdoctoral Fellowship: Deciphering the Role of Melt Segregation and Strain Partitioning in Rifting Continents
MARGINS 博士后奖学金:破译熔体分离和应变分配在裂谷大陆中的作用
- 批准号:
0646696 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 18.15万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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