Collaborative Research: US GEOTRACES PMT: Sources and Rates of Trace Element and Isotope Cycling Derived from the Radium Quartet

合作研究：美国 GEOTRACES PMT：源自镭四重奏的微量元素和同位素循环的来源和速率

• 批准号: 1736321
• 负责人: Willard Moore
• 金额: $ 11.3万
• 依托单位: University of South Carolina at Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-02-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1736321&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; US; GEOTRACES; PMT

The goal of the international GEOTRACES program is to understand the distributions of trace chemical elements and their isotopes in the oceans. Naturally occurring radioactive isotopes of the element radium can be used to measure the rates of important processes in the ocean. In turn, making these rate measurements at the same time as other trace element and isotope data are collected enables a more complete interpretation of these data. The investigators propose to measure the four isotopes of radium -- Ra-223, Ra-224, Ra-226, and Ra-228 -- on a U.S. GEOTRACES expedition from Alaska to Tahiti in 2018. The radium isotope data will be particularly useful in investigating trace element input and removal processes associated with ocean boundaries (rivers, continental shelves, and the ocean bottom) and with mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal vents and the long-range dispersal of their neutrally buoyant plumes. The investigators will also investigate the processes controlling the internal cycling of the longest-lived isotope, Ra-226, compared to the element barium, which has a very similar chemistry to radium. The proposed work would address a number of key questions regarding trace element inputs from ocean boundaries and their potential impact on ocean productivity and biogeochemistry. As iron is an important nutrient for marine phytoplankton, the investigators will quantify the rates of lateral trace element transport from the Gulf of Alaska margin out to and including the offshore High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll region of the subarctic Northeast Pacific Ocean. In the ocean subsurface, they will seek to understand the trace element fluxes associated with high temperature hydrothermal venting, and the rate at which trace elements and isotopes are removed via scavenging along the hydrothermal plume. Lastly, the work will lead to an improved understanding of a marine carbonate sediment dating technique via an investigation of Ra-226 and barium fractionation processes in the upper ocean. The project will involve collaboration between two U.S. institutions and a partner in France who will analyze some of the samples. Two graduate students will participate in the project. Moore will supervise an undergraduate student through the South Carolina Alliance for Minority Participation, and will encourage this student to develop a senior thesis based on their participation in this project.

国际 GEOTRACES 计划的目标是了解海洋中微量化学元素及其同位素的分布。天然存在的镭元素放射性同位素可用于测量海洋中重要过程的速率。反过来，在收集其他痕量元素和同位素数据的同时进行这些速率测量可以对这些数据进行更完整的解释。研究人员提议在 2018 年从阿拉斯加到塔希提岛的美国 GEOTRACES 探险中测量镭的四种同位素——Ra-223、Ra-224、Ra-226 和 Ra-228。镭同位素数据对于研究与海洋边界（河流、大陆架和海底）以及洋中脊热液相关的微量元素输入和去除过程特别有用。通风口和 它们的中性浮力羽流的远距离扩散。研究人员还将研究控制寿命最长的同位素 Ra-226 内部循环的过程，与元素钡进行比较，钡的化学性质与镭非常相似。 拟议的工作将解决有关海洋边界的微量元素输入及其对海洋生产力和生物地球化学的潜在影响的一些关键问题。由于铁是海洋浮游植物的重要营养物质，研究人员将量化从阿拉斯加湾边缘到亚北极东北太平洋近海高营养低叶绿素区域的横向微量元素迁移率。在海洋地下，他们将寻求了解与高温热液喷发相关的微量元素通量，以及微量元素和同位素通过沿热液羽流清除的速率。最后，这项工作将通过对上层海洋 Ra-226 和钡分馏过程的研究，加深对海洋碳酸盐沉积物测年技术的理解。该项目将涉及两个美国机构和法国的一个合作伙伴之间的合作，后者将分析一些样本。两名研究生将参与该项目。摩尔将通过南卡罗来纳州少数族裔参与联盟监督一名本科生，并鼓励该学生根据他们对该项目的参与来撰写高级论文。