Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Risk Management in Unpredictable Environments

博士论文改进奖：不可预测环境中的风险管理

• 批准号: 1743301
• 负责人: Tristram Kidder
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-11-01 至 2019-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1743301&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Risk

The archaeological record is uniquely positioned to inform modern strategies for social adaptation to current and future climate because of its deep time perspective of how a wide range of societies successfully or unsuccessfully adapted to changing environmental conditions. However, archaeological research is rarely incorporated into current debates because the archaeological evidence for human response to environmental change is typically at a scale too large (e.g., subsistence shifts, changing settlement patterns, and migration) for the average person to find meaningful to everyday life. This project takes advantage of a unique opportunity to study localized variation within the archaeological context of the largest pre-Columbian settlement in North America to determine human decision making to changes related to fluctuating water tables at yearly, decadal, semicentennial, and centennial scales. By establishing a chronology of localized variation associated with urban construction history, researchers will address questions about how urban societal response.Under the direction of Dr. Tristram Kidder, Ms. Caitlin Rankin will study construction chronology and localized environmental sequence at a wetland mound and plaza group within the urban central precinct of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Cahokia Mounds in southern Illinois. The investigators will collect and analyze a continuous series of soil samples taken from mound, sub-mound, plaza, and sub-plaza contexts with a variety of scientific methods including stable carbon isotope analysis, grain size distribution analysis, loss-on-ignition, magnetic susceptibility, and soil micromorphology to determine environmental conditions through time. Archaeological excavations will be conducted at the edge of mounds and within plaza limits to determine the use and construction history of the wetland mound and plaza group. Bayesian statistics will be used to refine a chronology for both environmental and construction history. Investigators will utilize a risk management perspective to address social response by determining if the people of Cahokia invested labor to maintain the space to its original design and function or if they choose to adapt the function and the design of the space to new environmental conditions. This project will provide the data for Ms. Rankin's doctoral dissertation.

考古记录是独特的，可以为现代策略提供社会适应当前和未来气候的依据，因为它深刻地看待了广泛的社会如何成功或失败的环境条件如何成功或失败。但是，考古研究很少被纳入当前的辩论中，因为人类对环境变化的反应的考古证据通常在规模太大（例如，生存的变化，改变定居方式和迁移）使普通人认为对日常生活有意义。该项目利用了一个独特的机会来研究北美最大的哥伦比亚前定居点考古背景下的局部变化，以确定与每年，年代，半年份和百年纪念尺度上波动的水位相关的变化的人类决策。 By establishing a chronology of localized variation associated with urban construction history, researchers will address questions about how urban societal response.Under the direction of Dr. Tristram Kidder, Ms. Caitlin Rankin will study construction chronology and localized environmental sequence at a wetland mound and plaza group within the urban central precinct of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Cahokia Mounds in southern Illinois.研究人员将通过各种科学方法收集和分析一系列从土墩，子山，广场和亚平面环境中采集的一系列土壤样品，包括稳定的碳同位素分析，晶粒尺寸分布分析，损失障碍，磁性易感性和土壤微观形态，以确定环境条件，以确定环境条件。考古发掘将在土丘边缘和广场范围内进行，以确定湿地丘和广场组的使用和建筑历史。贝叶斯统计数据将用于完善环境和建筑历史的年表。调查人员将利用风险管理的观点来解决社会反应，通过确定卡霍基亚人民是否投资了劳动力，以维持其原始设计和功能的空间，或者他们是否选择调整空间和空间的设计适应新的环境条件。该项目将为兰金女士的博士学位论文提供数据。