Antarctic Cryospheric Change: Mechanisms and Feedback on Climate

南极冰冻圈是全球气候系统的一个重要组成部分，通过冰盖物质平衡与全球海平面相连，并通过海冰驱动的南极底层水生产与全球海洋颠覆环流相联系。这项研究旨在加强对南极冰冻圈-气候模型相互作用的了解，从而能够确定最近观察到的变化的原因，并改进对模型模拟的未来气候的物理驱动因素的量化。该项目还寻求为研究生研究助理的教育和专业培训作出贡献。教育外展将通过与当地高中科学教师和学生合作进行，作为中学实地研究计划(SSFRP)的一部分。这次与SSFRP的合作将开发一个为期4周的气候建模课程，适合在高中地球科学或物理课程中使用。该项目有三个目标。首先，将评估冰冻圈对南部高纬度大气顶部(TOA)吸收的太阳辐射(ASR)变化的响应。该项目的第二个目标是量化臭氧消耗和恢复对南极冰盖物质平衡的影响。这将通过分析(全大气社区气候)WACCM模拟的地表质量平衡，以及通过使用由WACCM输出强制的独立冰盖模式(冰盖系统模式，或ISSM)执行一系列敏感性模拟来实现。第三个目标是确定大气对南极海冰变化的响应。这将通过在规定的海面温度和海冰浓度下运行WACCM来实现，以检查不同海冰异常模式的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The Antarctic cryosphere is a key component of the global climate system, being linked to global sea level through ice sheet mass balance, and to the global ocean overturning circulation through sea ice driven production of Antarctic Bottom Water. This research seeks enhance understanding of cryosphere-climate models interactions in the Antarctic, thereby allowing for attribution of recently observed changes, and for improved quantification of the physical drivers of model-simulated future climate. The project also seeks to contribute to the education and professional training of a graduate research assistant. Educational outreach will occur by partnering with local high school science teachers and students as part of the Secondary School Field Research Program (SSFRP). This partnership with the SSFRP will develop a 4- week curriculum on climate modeling that will be suitable for use in high school Earth Science or Physics courses.The project has three objectives. First, the cryospheric response to changes in the top-of the-atmosphere (TOA) absorbed solar radiation (ASR) at high southern latitudes will be assessed. The second objective of the project is to quantify the effect of ozone depletion and recovery on the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. This will be accomplished both by analyzing the (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate) WACCM simulated surface mass balance, and by performing a series of sensitivity simulations with a stand-alone ice sheet model (the Ice Sheet System Model, or ISSM) forced by WACCM output. A third objective is to determine the atmospheric response to Antarctic sea-ice changes. This will be achieved by running WACCM with prescribed sea surface temperatures and sea-ice concentrations in order to examine the impacts of different sea-ice anomaly patterns.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.