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Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Online Processing of Noun Phrase Ellipsis

博士论文研究：名词短语省略的在线处理

基本信息

批准号：
1749580
负责人：
Masaya Yoshida
金额：
$ 0.91万
依托单位：
Northwestern University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-03-01 至 2020-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1749580&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research Online Processing

项目摘要

Comprehending language seems easy; however, we know that language comprehension involves complicated cognitive processes. This seems to be harder when part of a sentence is omitted or elided, such as in "Derek's key to the boxes must be on the table and Sue's is probably on the carpet." The sentence does not say that Sue's key to the boxes is probably on the carpet, but we are still able to understand exactly that. This project focuses on one kind of elided construction, called Noun Phrase Ellipsis, in which the noun phrase (like "key to the boxes") is elided. The crucial part in understanding how this kind of structure works is to discern what kind of information can be retrieved from memory at the stage when the readers notice that something is missing. The studies proposed here aim to test longstanding questions in psycholinguistics: (1) what is the nature of memory representation; and (2) what information is retrieved from memory during active sentence processing?By employing eye-tracking experiments, this project investigates the retrieval process in Noun Phrase Ellipsis, which we find includes detailed structural and morphological information. Pairing ellipsis constructions with agreement attraction should illuminate the process, distinguishing the observed effect from other syntactic structures. In addition, it also seeks to determine at which stage that information influences the processing of ellipsis constructions, compared to other kinds of noun anaphora. This project will enable us to identify potential sources that interfere with resolving different types of dependencies with respect to memory retrieval mechanisms. This will in turn enhance our understanding of the difficulties experienced by second language learners and those with specific language impairments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

理解语言似乎很容易；然而，我们知道语言理解涉及复杂的认知过程。当一个句子的一部分被省略或省略时，这似乎更难，比如“德里克的箱子钥匙一定在桌子上，而苏的钥匙可能在地毯上。”这句话并没有说苏的箱子钥匙可能在地毯上，但我们仍然能够准确地理解这一点。这个项目关注的是一种省略结构，叫做名词短语省略，在这种结构中，名词短语（比如“key to the boxes”）被省略。要理解这种结构是如何工作的，关键是要分辨出在读者注意到缺了什么东西的阶段，他们可以从记忆中检索到什么样的信息。本文提出的研究旨在测试心理语言学中长期存在的问题：(1)记忆表征的本质是什么；(2)在主动句子加工过程中，从记忆中提取了哪些信息？本课题通过眼动实验研究名词短语省略的检索过程，发现名词短语省略包含了详细的结构和形态信息。将省略号结构与一致吸引结构配对，应该阐明这一过程，将观察到的效果与其他句法结构区分开来。此外，与其他类型的名词回指相比，它还试图确定信息在哪个阶段影响省略结构的加工。这个项目将使我们能够识别干扰解决与内存检索机制相关的不同类型依赖关系的潜在来源。这将反过来加强我们对第二语言学习者和那些有特殊语言障碍的人所经历的困难的理解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。