CAREER: Linking Lateral Cell Polarity with Tissue Patterning in Plant Development

职业：将横向细胞极性与植物发育中的组织模式联系起来

• 批准号: 1751385
• 负责人: Jaimie Van Norman
• 金额: $ 116.67万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-15 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1751385&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Linking; Lateral; Cell; Polarity

Cell division and specialization are essential processes in the growth and development of multicellular organisms. In comparison to animal systems, there is limited mechanistic insight into how plants modulate cell division and specialization with respect to cell polarity. Cell polarity is defined as asymmetry in any aspect of development or physiology along a single axis and asymmetric protein localization is a frequent attribute of polarized cells. Previously a set of receptor kinases was identified that display polar localization in various cell types and have roles in development. These proteins provide a novel set of conceptual and molecular tools to investigate cell polarity in plants. The goals of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) project is to study the links between cell polarity and development and to integrate active research modules designed to improve engagement and retention of undergraduate students in biology. These modules will be conducted in a laboratory course in which students will engage in authentic research and generate materials that will be directly integrated into the research project. This highly interactive course will establish a scientific community that includes peers, graduate students, and faculty. Building a sense of community and contribution to something larger are essential elements in the cultivation of scientific passion and expertise in today's students.Beyond those proteins involved in transport, very few plant proteins with polar localization have been characterized. A group of transmembrane receptor kinases, POLARLY LOCALIZED KINASEs (PLKs), are localized to the lateral (inner/outer) plasma membrane domains of various root cell types and have roles in organ patterning. It is hypothesized that PLKs directly influence cell division and differentiation in root development through their function in directional signaling. To identify mechanistic links between lateral cell polarity and tissue patterning this CAREER project aims to: 1) characterize the developmental roles of PLKs, 2) elucidate the cellular mechanics of PLK polar localization, and 3) dissect PLK functional and localization domains to identify polarity motifs. This project is poised to address how plant cell polarity is established and maintained from a perspective distinct from directional transport, and which, supports the long standing hypothesis that directional signaling and positional information are key drivers of plant development. The short-term broader impacts of this project will be the acquisition and dissemination of basic information and the recruitment and training of STEM students. Students will receive training in genetic and molecular approaches and cutting-edge microscopy techniques; planning and execution of projects; and, effective scientific communication to establish themselves as scholars and mentors. In the long term, the acquired knowledge can serve as a foundation to selectively exploit existing or generate improved root traits that maximize root function and support plant productivity. In addition, this study may reveal parallels to cell polarity mechanisms in animal systems, providing a framework to identify a common logic to polarity and development across multicellular eukaryotes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

细胞分裂和特化是多细胞生物生长发育的重要过程。与动物系统相比，植物如何调节细胞分裂和细胞极性的专业化机制的见解有限。细胞极性被定义为在发育或生理学的任何方面沿单一轴沿着的不对称性，并且不对称蛋白质定位是极化细胞的常见属性。以前鉴定了一组受体激酶，其在各种细胞类型中显示极性定位并在发育中起作用。这些蛋白质为研究植物细胞极性提供了一套新的概念和分子工具。这个教师早期职业发展（CAREER）项目的目标是研究细胞极性和发展之间的联系，并整合旨在提高生物学本科生的参与度和保留率的积极研究模块。这些模块将在实验室课程中进行，学生将参与真实的研究，并生成将直接集成到研究项目中的材料。这门高度互动的课程将建立一个科学社区，包括同行，研究生和教师。培养学生的科学热情和专业知识，培养他们的社区意识和对更大事物的贡献是必不可少的因素。除了参与运输的蛋白质外，很少有极性定位的植物蛋白质被表征。一组跨膜受体激酶，极性定位激酶（PLK），定位于各种根细胞类型的侧（内/外）质膜结构域，并在器官形成中发挥作用。据推测，PLKs直接影响细胞分裂和分化的根发育，通过其功能的定向信号。为了确定侧向细胞极性和组织模式之间的机制联系，该CAREER项目旨在：1）表征PLK的发育作用，2）阐明PLK极性定位的细胞机制，3）解剖PLK功能和定位结构域以确定极性基序。该项目准备从不同于定向运输的角度来解决植物细胞极性是如何建立和维持的，并且支持长期存在的假设，即定向信号和位置信息是植物发育的关键驱动力。该项目的短期广泛影响将是获取和传播基本信息以及招收和培训STEM学生。学生将接受遗传和分子方法以及尖端显微镜技术的培训;项目的规划和执行;以及有效的科学交流，以建立自己作为学者和导师。从长远来看，所获得的知识可以作为基础，有选择地利用现有的或产生改进的根系性状，最大限度地发挥根系功能和支持植物生产力。此外，这项研究可能揭示了动物系统中细胞极性机制的相似之处，为确定多细胞真核生物极性和发育的共同逻辑提供了一个框架。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

The Arabidopsis Receptor Kinase IRK Is Polarized and Represses Specific Cell Divisions in Roots

• DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.12.001
• 发表时间: 2020-01-27
• 期刊: DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
• 影响因子: 11.8
• 作者: Campos, Roya;Goff, Jason;Van Norman, Jaimie M.
• 通讯作者: Van Norman, Jaimie M.

Girl power: NORTIA polarization seals pollen tube fate

女孩力量：NORTIA 极化决定花粉管的命运

• DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.10.013
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Developmental Cell
• 影响因子: 11.8
• 作者: Rodriguez-Furlan, Cecilia;Van Norman, Jaimie M.
• 通讯作者: Van Norman, Jaimie M.

Polarly localized receptor-like kinases PXC2 and IRK act redundantly during Arabidopsis root development in the radial axis

• DOI: 10.1101/2021.02.11.429611
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 作者: Jason Goff;Jaimie M. van Norman