CAREER: Excitons, electron-hole plasmas, and electron-hole liquids in the time domain
职业:时域中的激子、电子空穴等离子体和电子空穴液体
基本信息
- 批准号:1752713
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 50万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-08-15 至 2024-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis CAREER award supports theoretical and computational research and education in a new type of phase transition found in two-dimensional materials. Phase transitions are commonly found around us; for example, in the boiling of water, or in the reverse process of condensing water vapor into rain. In some semiconducting materials, a remarkably similar phase transition may occur. When exposed to the energy a continuous laser beam, electrons in the material get excited from their normal quantum state into another. However, the excited electron in its new state feels an effective attraction to the "hole" it left behind, i.e. the place where it used to be. If enough electrons get pumped into the excited state, they - and their hole counterparts - can undergo a gas-to-liquid-type phase transition. This phase transition, although its constituents are electrons and holes, has characteristics similar to the one found in water. However, a significant difference is that this happens on ultrafast time-scales (nanoseconds), and it involves a driving laser. Importantly, because the constituents are manifestly quantum objects, a host of exciting and interesting properties arise.The materials in question form two-dimensional sheets, which means they may be incorporated into flexible electronics. On top of this, there is now the possibility of switching their behavior within nanoseconds from being a straightforward semiconductor (which are typically transparent materials) to being an object that is metallic and reflecting. This has promising applications for solar-light harvesting and for bypassing Moore's law through photonics. The project involves substantial development of algorithms and software, which will be disseminated to the community as open-source code.In addition to the research, this CAREER award will support the improvement of STEM education in the U.S. by partnering with the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) to turn their successful "Bootstrap for Computational Modeling in Physics First" workshop into a distance-learning course. The workshop integrates computational modeling into 8th and 9th grade physics courses, and is typically attended in person. The development of a distance-learning version will enable reaching a much larger set of participants, in particular from rural areas which may not have ready access to long in-person workshops. Since computation is playing an increasingly larger role in the STEM workplace, earlier preparation and exposure will improve students' overall capabilities. This version of the workshop will initially be deployed in North Carolina, and will be further disseminated through AAPT across the country.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis CAREER award supports research and education in theoretical and computational investigations of ultrafast out-of-equilibrium phase transitions. The research team will study the transition into an electron-hole liquid (EHL) that occurs at room temperature upon high photoexcitation in transition-metal dichalcogenides. Due to the ultrafast nature of the phase transition, time-domain approaches are critical. This project will determine the conditions for creating and sustaining the EHL, its response to external stimuli and proximity-coupled emergent orders, its tunability, and its transport and transfer dynamics. This understanding will enable the use of the electron-hole liquid in novel devices, and, in particular, in applications for solar-light harvesting and for bypassing Moore's law through photonics.The project exploits an opportunity for high-impact science through theoretical study and computational method development for nonequilibrium science. One essential aspect of the problem is that it must be tackled in the time domain, rather than resorting to the usual equilibrium analytic techniques. The PI will address this challenge through nonequilibrium many-body theory and through collaboration with the experimental community. The research team will consider the concept of a nonequilibrium phase transition without reliance on ergodicity by performing self-consistent calculations in the broken-symmetry states in the time domain. Through these approaches, the research team will re-evaluate how we think about nonequilibrium processes and phase transitions in quantum materials, and break the reliance on equilibrium concepts. The algorithms and software created throughout the project will be disseminated to the community as open-source code.In addition to the research, this CAREER award will support the improvement of STEM education in the U.S. by partnering with the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) to turn their successful "Bootstrap for Computational Modeling in Physics First" workshop into a distance-learning course. The workshop integrates computational modeling into 8th and 9th grade physics courses, and is typically attended in person. The development of a distance-learning version will enable reaching a much larger set of participants, in particular from rural areas which may not have ready access to long in-person workshops. Since computation is playing an increasingly larger role in the STEM workplace, earlier preparation and exposure will improve students' overall capabilities. This version of the workshop will initially be deployed in North Carolina, and will be further disseminated through AAPT across the country.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
非技术总结这个职业奖项支持在二维材料中发现的一种新型相变的理论和计算研究和教育。相变在我们周围很常见;例如,在水的沸腾中,或者在将水蒸气冷凝成雨的相反过程中。在某些半导体材料中,可能会发生非常相似的相变。当暴露在连续的激光束的能量下时,材料中的电子从它们的正常量子态被激发到另一个量子态。然而,处于新状态的激发电子对它留下的“空穴”,即它曾经所在的地方,会产生有效的吸引力。如果足够多的电子被注入激发态,它们--以及它们的空穴对应体--可以经历一种从气到液的相变。尽管这种相变的成分是电子和空穴,但它具有与水中的相变相似的特征。然而,一个显著的区别是,这发生在超快的时间尺度(纳秒)上,而且它涉及到驱动激光。重要的是,因为这些成分显然是量子对象,所以出现了一系列令人兴奋和有趣的性质。这些材料形成了二维片,这意味着它们可能会被整合到柔性电子设备中。最重要的是,现在有可能在纳秒内将它们的行为从直接的半导体(通常是透明材料)转变为金属和反射的物体。这在太阳光采集和通过光子学绕过摩尔定律方面都有很好的应用前景。该项目涉及算法和软件的实质性开发,将以开源代码的形式向社区传播。除了研究之外,该职业奖项还将通过与美国物理教师协会(AAPT)合作,将他们成功的“物理优先计算建模引导”研讨会转变为远程学习课程,以支持美国STEM教育的改善。该研讨会将计算建模整合到8年级和9年级的物理课程中,并且通常是亲自参加的。远程学习版本的开发将能够接触到更多的参与者,特别是来自农村地区的参与者,这些地区可能无法随时参加面对面的长时间讲习班。由于计算在STEM工作场所发挥着越来越大的作用,及早准备和接触将提高学生的整体能力。这一版本的研讨会将首先部署在北卡罗来纳州,并将通过AAPT在全国范围内进一步传播。技术总结该职业奖支持超快非平衡相变的理论和计算研究方面的研究和教育。该研究小组将研究过渡金属二卤化物在室温下高光激发时转变为电子空穴液体(EHL)的过程。由于相变的超快性质,时间域方法至关重要。该项目将确定建立和维持弹流润滑的条件、它对外部刺激和邻近耦合紧急情况的反应、它的可调性以及它的传输和转移动力学。这一理解将使电子-空穴液体能够在新器件中使用,特别是在太阳光收集和通过光子学绕过摩尔定律的应用中。该项目通过非平衡科学的理论研究和计算方法开发,为高影响科学开辟了机会。这个问题的一个基本方面是,它必须在时间域内解决,而不是求助于通常的均衡分析技术。PI将通过非平衡多体理论和与实验社区的合作来解决这一挑战。研究小组将考虑非平衡相变的概念,而不依赖于遍历性,通过在时间域中的破缺对称状态执行自洽计算。通过这些方法,研究团队将重新评估我们如何看待量子材料中的非平衡过程和相变,并打破对平衡概念的依赖。在整个项目中创建的算法和软件将作为开源代码分发给社区。除了研究之外,这一职业奖项还将通过与美国物理教师协会(AAPT)合作,将他们成功的“物理计算建模引导”研讨会转变为远程学习课程,以支持美国STEM教育的改进。该研讨会将计算建模整合到8年级和9年级的物理课程中,并且通常是亲自参加的。远程学习版本的开发将能够接触到更多的参与者,特别是来自农村地区的参与者,这些地区可能无法随时参加面对面的长时间讲习班。由于计算在STEM工作场所发挥着越来越大的作用,及早准备和接触将提高学生的整体能力。这个版本的研讨会最初将部署在北卡罗来纳州,并将通过AAPT在全国范围内进一步传播。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(18)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Theory of Time-Resolved Optical Conductivity of Superconductors: Comparing Two Methods for Its Evaluation
- DOI:10.3390/condmat4030079
- 发表时间:2019-08
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.7
- 作者:John P. Revelle;Ankit Kumar;A. Kemper
- 通讯作者:John P. Revelle;Ankit Kumar;A. Kemper
Flat-band-induced itinerant ferromagnetism in RbCo2Se2
RbCo2Se2 中平带诱导的巡回铁磁性
- DOI:10.1103/physrevb.103.165105
- 发表时间:2021
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.7
- 作者:Huang Jianwei;Wang Zhicai;Pang Hongsheng;Wu Han;Cao Huibo;Mo Sung-Kwan;Rustagi Avinash;Kemper A. F.;Wang Meng;Yi Ming;Birgeneau R. J.
- 通讯作者:Birgeneau R. J.
Band-Resolved Imaging of Photocurrent in a Topological Insulator
- DOI:10.1103/physrevlett.122.167401
- 发表时间:2019-04-24
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:8.6
- 作者:Soifer, H.;Gauthier, A.;Shen, Z. -X.
- 通讯作者:Shen, Z. -X.
Higgs oscillations in time-resolved optical conductivity
- DOI:10.1103/physrevb.100.174515
- 发表时间:2019-11-21
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.7
- 作者:Kumar, A.;Kemper, A. F.
- 通讯作者:Kemper, A. F.
Direct determination of mode-projected electron-phonon coupling in the time domain
- DOI:10.1126/science.aaw1662
- 发表时间:2019-12-06
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:56.9
- 作者:Na, M. X.;Mills, A. K.;Damascelli, A.
- 通讯作者:Damascelli, A.
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Alexander Kemper其他文献
Comprehensive characterization of an individual’s LINE-1 insertion profile using next generation sequencing data
- DOI:
10.1186/1471-2105-13-s12-a2 - 发表时间:
2012-07-31 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.300
- 作者:
Alexander Kemper;Musa Hindi;Kenneth S Ramos;Theodore S Kalbfleisch - 通讯作者:
Theodore S Kalbfleisch
Alexander Kemper的其他文献
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