Collaborative Research: SG: Early evolution of the modern North American freshwater fish fauna: New Late Cretaceous sturgeons, paddlefishes, bowfins, and teleosts from North Dakota

合作研究：SG：现代北美淡水鱼类区系的早期演化：来自北达科他州的新晚白垩世鲟鱼、白鲟、弓鳍鱼和硬骨鱼

基本信息

批准号：
1753974
负责人：
Eric Hilton
金额：
$ 4.69万
依托单位：
College of William & Mary Virginia Institute of Marine Science
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-01 至 2023-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1753974&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research SG Early evolution

项目摘要

The Late Cretaceous, from 100 million to 65 million years ago, was a time of great change for the freshwater fishes of North America. Many older groups of fishes were going extinct and being replaced by modern groups. But where did the modern groups come from, and how and why did they replace the older groups? These questions, among others, are unanswered because the fossil record of fishes from this time period is extremely poor. This project analyzes newly discovered, complete fossilized skeletons of freshwater fish from a critical time period (72-66 million years ago). These fossils are extraordinarily well-preserved, providing a rare glimpse of complete skeletons. This project will fill a critical gap in understanding the origin and evolution of modern freshwater fish. In addition to the scientific merit of this project, there are several broader impacts. First, the fossils to be described are deposited in publicly accessible natural history collections, thereby ensuring that they are available in perpetuity to the scientific community. Second, student training programs developed around the preparation and analysis of the fossils provides valuable research and training for budding scientists. Third, results from this study will be published in scientific articles and presented at professional meetings and seminars for public audiences. And finally, by using the resources available at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, the project will increase public understanding of science. All specimens will be prepared in a lab where active preparation and study of the specimens can be observed by the more than 1.2 million annual visitors to the Field Museum, including many K-12 student groups and teachers, and a temporary exhibit of this exquisitely preserved fossil fish fauna will add an important component to current exhibits at the Field Museum. Although the modern freshwater fish fauna of North America has been intensively studied, its origin, biogeography, and evolutionary history are still poorly understood, due in part to a lack of whole-body fossils from Cretaceous freshwater deposits, particularly those containing articulated skeletons. This study uses exceptionally well-preserved fossil fish from a recently discovered lagerstatten in the Maastrichtian Hell Creek Formation of North Dakota, to illuminate the transition between the early Mesozoic (consisting of extinct orders and families) and the modern freshwater fauna. Recently discovered blocks containing the articulated, complete skeletons of many freshwater fish have been acquired by the Field Museum for preparation and analysis. All fossils will be described and illustrated using a combination of detailed photographic documentation of all aspects of the anatomy of the species with matched line drawings clearly showing the interpretation of the morphology. These data will form the basis of original morphological descriptions, character conceptualization, and phylogenetic and comparative analyses of key fish lineages present in the blocks, including the Acipenseridae, Polyodontidae, Amiidae, Lepisosteidae, and possibly Teleostei.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

白垩纪已故的白垩纪从1亿到6500万年前，对于北美的淡水鱼来说是一个巨大变化的时期。许多年龄较大的鱼类已经灭绝，被现代群体取代。但是，现代团体从何而来，以及为什么以及为什么取代较老的群体？这些问题除其他外，因为这段时期的鱼类记录非常差，因此没有得到答复。该项目分析了新发现的，完整的化石骨骼从关键时期（72-66亿年前）分析。这些化石保存得非常宽敞，可以罕见地瞥见完整的骨骼。该项目将填补了解现代淡水鱼的起源和演变的关键空白。除了该项目的科学优点外，还有一些更广泛的影响。首先，要描述的化石存放在公共可用的自然历史收藏中，从而确保了它们永久可用于科学界。其次，围绕化石的准备和分析制定的学生培训计划为崭露头角的科学家提供了宝贵的研究和培训。第三，这项研究的结果将在科学文章中发表，并在专业会议和公众观众的研讨会上介绍。最后，通过使用芝加哥自然历史博物馆可用的资源，该项目将增加公众对科学的理解。所有标本都将在一个实验室中准备，在该实验室中，有超过120万的年度游客可以观察到该标本的积极准备和研究，包括许多K-12学生团体和老师，以及这个精美保存的化石Fauna的临时展览，将为现场博物馆中的当前展览增加一个重要的组成部分。尽管已经对北美的现代淡水鱼动物群进行了深入的研究，但其起源，生物地理学和进化史仍然很少了解，部分原因是由于缺乏白垩纪淡水沉积物中的全身化石，尤其是那些含有明显的骨骼的化石。这项研究使用了北达科他州马斯特里希台地狱溪形成中最近发现的拉格斯塔的特殊保存完好的化石鱼，以阐明早期的中生代（由灭绝的订单和家庭组成）和现代淡水淡水之间的早期中生物之间的过渡。最近发现的块，其中包含田野博物馆的许多淡水鱼的完整骨骼进行准备和分析。所有化石将通过详细的摄影文档以及该物种解剖结构的详细摄影文档以及匹配的线图清楚地显示出形态学的解释的结合。 These data will form the basis of original morphological descriptions, character conceptualization, and phylogenetic and comparative analyses of key fish lineages present in the blocks, including the Acipenseridae, Polyodontidae, Amiidae, Lepisosteidae, and possibly Teleostei.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts审查标准。