OPUS: Synthesizing Ecology with Ecological Networks

OPUS：用生态网络综合生态学

• 批准号: 1754207
• 负责人: Neo Martinez
• 金额: $ 16.91万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-03-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1754207&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OPUS; Synthesizing; Ecology; Ecological; Networks

To better understand how earth?s ecosystems such as oceans, lakes, forests and farms sustain the needs of species, including humans, the science of ecology needs to increase its rigor, precision, and predictive power. Such advances will enable a better understanding of human interactions with nature and improve our ability to forecast how environmental change will affect services provided by natural and agricultural ecosystems in the future. To reach these goals, this project will synthesize three decades of the principle investigator's and his close colleagues' research into a predictive theory of the way ecosystems with many species are organized and how they change over time. The core of this theory is based on organisms' abilities to consume resources, grow, and be consumed by other organisms as well as the network architecture of these consumer-resource interactions among tens, hundreds and thousands of species. Elements of this general theory have been published in over one hundred papers, most of which are sole or co-authored by this project's principle investigator. How the ideas in all these papers fit together, including the theory, its foundations, and future directions have yet to be adequately synthesized and articulated. This project will describe that synthetic framework in the form of a book, a review article, visualizations and video animations that define the concepts, equations and computer simulations underlying the theory. This research will also increase the accessibility of ecological network theory to broader audiences, and advance the careers of researchers who are members of groups underrepresented in the sciences.This project will synthesize theory focused on the structure, dynamics, and evolution of food webs and their bipartite subsets including mutualistic and host-parasite/pathogen networks based on integrating consumer-resource theory with network theory and the metabolic theory of ecology. This involves describing the conceptual and computational theory of allometric trophic networks and its application to ecological, evolutionary and sustainability sciences including predictions of the quantitative consequences of species loss, fishing, and climate change. Further development aims to advance a systems biology of ecology that synthesizes ecology by integrating its subdisciplines, especially organismal, population, community and ecosystem ecology, as well as the interface between ecology and evolutionary, social, sustainability, and network sciences. Benefits to society include increasing our understanding of ecosystem management and eco-evolutionary and coupled natural-human dynamics. Two years of research and writing will be conducted involving collaborative visits to international and domestic centers of network and ecological network research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

为了更好地了解地球？由于海洋、湖泊、森林和农场等生态系统维持着包括人类在内的物种的需求，生态科学需要提高其严谨性、精确性和预测能力。这些进展将使我们能够更好地了解人类与自然的相互作用，并提高我们预测环境变化将如何影响未来自然和农业生态系统提供的服务的能力。为了实现这些目标，该项目将把主要研究者和他的亲密同事们三十年的研究成果综合成一个预测理论，该理论将解释生态系统中许多物种的组织方式以及它们如何随着时间的推移而变化。这一理论的核心是基于生物体消耗资源、生长和被其他生物体消耗的能力，以及数十、数百和数千个物种之间这些消费者-资源相互作用的网络结构。这个一般理论的元素已经发表在一百多篇论文中，其中大部分是由该项目的主要研究者单独或共同撰写的。所有这些论文中的思想如何结合在一起，包括理论，它的基础和未来的发展方向，还有待于充分的综合和阐述。该项目将以书籍、评论文章、可视化和视频动画的形式描述该合成框架，这些形式定义了该理论的概念、方程和计算机模拟。这项研究还将增加生态网络理论的可及性，以更广泛的受众，并推进研究人员的职业生涯谁是在科学代表性不足的群体的成员。和食物网及其二分子集的进化，包括互惠和宿主-寄生虫/病原体网络的基础上整合消费者-资源理论与网络理论和生态学的代谢理论。这涉及描述异速生长营养网络的概念和计算理论及其在生态，进化和可持续性科学中的应用，包括物种损失，捕鱼和气候变化的定量后果的预测。进一步的发展旨在推进生态学的系统生物学，通过整合其子学科，特别是有机体，种群，社区和生态系统生态学，以及生态学与进化，社会，可持续性和网络科学之间的接口来综合生态学。对社会的好处包括增加我们对生态系统管理和生态进化以及自然-人类互动的理解。为期两年的研究和写作将进行，包括对国际和国内网络和生态网络研究中心的合作访问。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Environmentally‐induced noise dampens and reddens with increasing trophic level in a complex food web

随着复杂食物网中营养水平的增加，环境引起的噪音会减弱和变红

• DOI: 10.1111/oik.05575
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Oikos
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Kuparinen, Anna;Perälä, Tommi;Martinez, Neo D.;Valdovinos, Fernanda S.
• 通讯作者: Valdovinos, Fernanda S.

Allometric Trophic Networks From Individuals to Socio-Ecosystems: Consumer–Resource Theory of the Ecological Elephant in the Room

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00092
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 作者: Neo D. Martinez

Ecogeographical rules and the macroecology of food webs

• DOI: 10.1111/geb.12925
• 发表时间: 2019-09-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Baiser, Benjamin;Gravel, Dominique;Yeakel, Justin D.
• 通讯作者: Yeakel, Justin D.

Predator traits determine food-web architecture across ecosystems

• DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0899-x
• 发表时间: 2019-06-01
• 期刊: NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: Brose, Ulrich;Archambault, Phillippe;Iles, Alison C.
• 通讯作者: Iles, Alison C.

Simulated evolution assembles more realistic food webs with more functionally similar species than invasion

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54443-0
• 发表时间: 2019-12-03
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Romanuk, Tamara N.;Binzer, Amrei;Martinez, Neo D.
• 通讯作者: Martinez, Neo D.