Collaborative Research: Ecomorphological diversification and the origin of phenotypic disparity in crocodile-line archosaurs

合作研究：鳄鱼系祖龙的生态形态多样化和表型差异的起源

• 批准号: 1754659
• 负责人: Paul Gignac
• 金额: $ 16.11万
• 依托单位: Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1754659&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ecomorphological; diversification; origin

Species morphology typically evolves to meet the demands of the environment. In the fossil record, and among existing species, large morphological changes are frequently associated with changes in habitat or ecology. However, there remains little understanding of the general rules that govern morphological change associated with ecological change. This project will use skeletal and soft-tissue anatomy as well as detailed 3D shape data to study closely-related, transitional species to investigate the evolution of morphology and ecology in the long-lived and fossil-rich group Crocodylomorpha (crocodiles, alligators, and their extinct relatives). The project will exploit the group's multiple natural experimentation with extreme environments to develop detailed conceptual models for major ecological and morphological transitions that will inform on the rules underlying morphological change. These models will then serve as predictors for how and why transformations occur, which can be tested in other groups with similar narratives. Important examples include the initial emergence of four-limbed vertebrates onto land, how birds took the sky, and the first steps in the reign of mammals. The innovative technologies, techniques, and widely applicable conclusions from this research will promote interdisciplinary work among paleontologists, biomechanists, ecologists, and evolutionary biologists. The researchers will make their data, digital models, analytical tools, and essential supplementary files available for wide access. Furthermore, this project will support associated PhD and Postdoctoral research as well as foster access to higher education for substantially underrepresented groups.This project will use integrative approaches to reveal the complexities of ecomorphological changes across major evolutionary transitions. The study will examine how novel environments put new, often extreme demands on historical phenotypes by addressing how large-scale habitat and ecological transitions drive evolution across multiple integrated anatomical systems. The research will test hypotheses about phenotypic integration on an evolutionary scale to determine whether developmental rates, sequence heterochrony, and/or patterns of modularity determine if consistently applied rules of ecomorphological diversification underlie adaptive radiations. The outcome will be an unprecedented database of crocodylomorph cranial and post-cranial diversity that includes contrast-enhanced neural and skeletal tissues, raw and partitioned CT stacks, and 3D digital models as well as comparative, intra-clade conceptual models for how predatory vertebrates shift to lives on the shoreline, within the sea, and toward herbivory. The microCT and cutting-edge, diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging, in addition to a robust morphological phylogeny for analysis of evolutionary trends using the latest phylogenetic methods, represent potentially transformative methodologies developed by this research group.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

物种形态学通常会进化以满足环境的需求。在化石记录和现存物种中，大的形态变化经常与栖息地或生态的变化有关。然而，仍然很少了解的一般规则，管理形态变化与生态变化。该项目将使用骨骼和软组织解剖学以及详细的3D形状数据来研究密切相关的过渡物种，以调查长寿和化石丰富的Crocodylomorpha（鳄鱼，短吻鳄及其灭绝的亲属）的形态和生态进化。该项目将利用该小组在极端环境下进行的多次自然实验，为主要的生态和形态转变开发详细的概念模型，以了解形态变化的基本规则。然后，这些模型将作为如何以及为什么发生转变的预测因素，这可以在具有类似叙述的其他组中进行测试。重要的例子包括四肢脊椎动物首次出现在陆地上，鸟类如何进入天空，以及哺乳动物统治的第一步。这项研究的创新技术，技术和广泛适用的结论将促进古生物学家，生物力学，生态学家和进化生物学家之间的跨学科工作。 研究人员将使他们的数据，数字模型，分析工具和必要的补充文件可供广泛访问。此外，该项目将支持相关的博士和博士后研究，并促进获得高等教育的显著代表性的群体。该项目将使用综合方法来揭示生态形态变化的复杂性，跨越主要的进化转型。该研究将研究新环境如何通过解决大规模栖息地和生态转变如何推动多个综合解剖系统的进化，对历史表型提出新的，通常是极端的要求。该研究将测试假设表型整合的进化规模，以确定是否发展速度，序列异时性，和/或模式的模块化决定，如果一贯适用的规则，生态形态多样化的基础适应辐射。其结果将是一个前所未有的鳄鱼头骨和颅后多样性数据库，其中包括对比度增强的神经和骨骼组织，原始和分区CT堆栈，3D数字模型以及比较，分支内概念模型，用于掠夺性脊椎动物如何转移到海岸线上生活，在海中，以及对草食动物。microCT和尖端的、可扩散的碘基对比增强计算机断层扫描成像，以及使用最新的系统发育方法分析进化趋势的强大形态学系统发育，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估来支持的搜索.

项目成果

A unique predator in a unique ecosystem: modelling the apex predator within a Late Cretaceous crocodyliform‐dominated fauna from Brazil

独特生态系统中的独特捕食者：对白垩纪晚期巴西鳄形动物群中的顶级捕食者进行建模

• DOI: 10.1111/joa.13192
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Anatomy
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Montefeltro, Felipe C.;Lautenschlager, Stephan;Godoy, Pedro L.;Ferreira, Gabriel S.;Butler, Richard J.
• 通讯作者: Butler, Richard J.

Unexpected bite‐force conservatism as a stable performance foundation across mesoeucrocodylian historical diversity

意外的咬伤——迫使保守主义成为跨越中真鳄鱼历史多样性的稳定表现基础

• DOI: 10.1002/ar.24768
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Anatomical Record
• 作者: Gignac, Paul M.;Smaers, Jeroen B.;O'Brien, Haley D.
• 通讯作者: O'Brien, Haley D.

Cranial and endocranial anatomy of a three‐dimensionally preserved teleosauroid thalattosuchian skull

三维保存的远龙科海鳄头骨的颅骨和颅内解剖

• DOI: 10.1002/ar.24704
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Anatomical Record
• 作者: Wilberg, Eric W.;Beyl, Alexander R.;Pierce, Stephanie E.;Turner, Alan H.
• 通讯作者: Turner, Alan H.

Inner ear sensory system changes as extinct crocodylomorphs transitioned from land to water

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002146117
• 发表时间: 2020-05-12
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Schwab, Julia A.;Young, Mark T.;Brusatte, Stephen L.
• 通讯作者: Brusatte, Stephen L.

Reevaluation of the cranial osteology and phylogenetic position of the early crocodyliform Eopneumatosuchus colberti , with an emphasis on its endocranial anatomy

重新评估早期鳄形始气鳄的颅骨学和系统发育地位，重点是其颅内解剖结构

• DOI: 10.1002/ar.24777
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Anatomical Record
• 作者: Melstrom, Keegan M.;Turner, Alan H.;Irmis, Randall B.
• 通讯作者: Irmis, Randall B.