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RUI: Mitochondrial Ferropotin and Iron Homeostasis in Plants

RUI：植物中的线粒体铁蛋白和铁稳态

基本信息

批准号：
1754969
负责人：
Jeeyon Jeong
金额：
$ 46.24万
依托单位：
Amherst College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1754969&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Mitochondrial Ferropotin Iron Homeostasis

项目摘要

Iron is an essential mineral nutrient required for virtually all forms of life. However, iron is potentially toxic when an excess amount of iron is present in the cell, or when iron is not in the proper location within the cell. Therefore, iron must be tightly controlled by delicate molecular mechanisms. Studying how iron is regulated in plants will not only provide fundamental scientific insights, but also provide potential strategies to enhance the nutritional quality of plants to improve agriculture and human nutrition. While caloric malnutrition has significantly decreased, malnutrition of essential mineral nutrients is still prevalent. In particular, iron deficiency affects nearly half of the world's population. Plants are the primary dietary source of iron worldwide, but they are not rich in iron. Biofortification, the process of enhancing the nutritional value of crops is a promising strategy that could provide a sustainable solution to malnutrition. Iron is a required nutrient for plants. However, because iron in the soil cannot readily be absorbed by plants, it is the third most limiting nutrient for plant growth. Therefore, the proposed work is of broad impact, as understanding iron transport in plants is key to improving plant growth, crop yields, and human nutrition. The project will provide research experiences for undergraduate students at Amherst College. In addition, an ongoing outreach activity to develop hands-on molecular biology modules for 5th graders at a local public elementary school will be supported by the project.A key task in cellular iron homeostasis is to safely allocate iron to specific organelles for usage or storage. Mitochondria are of particular interest for iron nutrition. Essential metabolic processes, such as respiration, require iron, but mitochondria are highly susceptible to iron-induced oxidative damage. Despite the significance of iron in mitochondria, mitochondrial iron transport is not well understood in plants. The proposed work aims to understand iron homeostasis by investigating the role of a mitochondrial ferroportin (FPN) in Arabidopsis thaliana. FPNs are well-studied in vertebrates, yet hardly characterized in plants. Moreover, mitochondrial FPN is unique, as no other mitochondrial FPN has been identified. In this study, the directionality of iron transport will be investigated to test the hypothesis that FPN3 is a mitochondrial iron exporter. Ultimately, this study aims to understand the biological role of FPN3. Therefore, this study proposes to test if FPN3 release mitochondrial iron for use in the cytoplasm and/or for protection against oxidative stress, by analyzing fpn3 loss-of-function Arabidopsis mutants. The proposed work will unravel the cellular and physiological role of a mitochondrial FPN3 and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of plant iron homeostasis.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

铁是几乎所有生命形式所需的基本矿物质营养素。然而，当细胞中存在过量的铁时，或者当铁不在细胞内的适当位置时，铁是潜在有毒的。因此，铁必须由精细的分子机制严格控制。研究铁在植物中的调节机制不仅可以提供基本的科学见解，还可以为提高植物的营养质量以改善农业和人类营养提供潜在的策略。虽然热量营养不良现象已显著减少，但基本矿物质营养不良现象仍然普遍。特别是，缺铁影响着世界近一半的人口。植物是全世界铁的主要膳食来源，但它们并不富含铁。生物强化，即提高作物营养价值的过程，是一项有前途的战略，可以为营养不良提供可持续的解决办法。铁是植物必需的营养素。然而，由于土壤中的铁不易被植物吸收，因此它是植物生长的第三大限制性营养素。因此，拟议的工作具有广泛的影响，因为了解植物中的铁运输是改善植物生长，作物产量和人类营养的关键。该项目将为阿默斯特学院的本科生提供研究经验。此外，该项目还将支持一项正在进行的外展活动，为当地一所公立小学的五年级学生开发动手分子生物学模块。细胞铁稳态的一项关键任务是安全地将铁分配给特定的细胞器以供使用或储存。线粒体对铁营养特别感兴趣。基本的代谢过程，如呼吸，需要铁，但线粒体对铁诱导的氧化损伤非常敏感。尽管铁在线粒体中的重要性，线粒体铁转运在植物中还没有得到很好的理解。拟开展的工作旨在通过研究拟南芥线粒体膜铁转运蛋白（FPN）的作用来了解铁稳态。FPN在脊椎动物中得到了很好的研究，但在植物中几乎没有特征。此外，线粒体FPN是独特的，因为没有其他线粒体FPN已被确定。在这项研究中，铁转运的方向性将被调查，以测试的假设，FPN 3是一个线粒体铁出口商。最终，这项研究旨在了解FPN 3的生物学作用。因此，本研究提出通过分析fpn 3功能丧失的拟南芥突变体来测试FPN 3是否释放线粒体铁用于细胞质和/或用于保护免受氧化应激。这项工作将揭示线粒体FPN 3的细胞和生理作用，并有助于更全面地了解植物铁稳态。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。