CRII: CPS: Bilateral Adaptation Between Models for Human-Perceived Safety/Comfort and Autonomous Driving Controllers

该项目致力于在自动驾驶的背景下解决感知安全问题。自动驾驶汽车具有改变我们交通系统的巨大潜力，但它们的技术安全并不一定表明人类将如何看待自动驾驶的安全性，特别是如果乘客的驾驶风格没有自动驾驶汽车那么咄咄逼人。这项研究的目的是当人类表现出安全方面的不适时，更换汽车的控制器。该方法是在模拟器和真实汽车中测量乘客的物理数据，将这些数据与预期的舒适度进行比较，并使用新的算法更新控制器。该项目的结果将提高用户对自动驾驶汽车的接受度，并产生与自动驾驶相关的新课程和推广计划。该项目的目标是了解自动驾驶中人类感知的安全性和舒适性，并检查和双边调整人与自动驾驶车辆之间的互动，以增强人类感知(即感知到的安全性和舒适性)，同时提高车辆性能(即技术驾驶安全性和舒适性)。特别是，拟议的研究将(A)了解影响人类感知安全和舒适性的因素，并调查如何使用生理信号来量化人类感知的安全性和舒适性，(B)调查一般的人类和自动驾驶模型以及在线双边适应策略，以提高驾驶的安全性和舒适性，以及(C)使用模拟和真实的自动驾驶车辆来评估研究结果。这项研究将有助于提高自动驾驶的安全性和舒适性，也可以扩展到其他人-自主交互环境。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project addresses perceived safety within the context of autonomous driving. Self-driving cars have great potential to transform our transportation system, but their technical safety does not necessarily indicate how a human will perceive the safety of autonomous driving, especially if the driving style of the passenger is less aggressive than that of the self-driving car. The goal of this research is to change the car's controller when a human shows discomfort with respect to safety. The approach is to measure physical data from passengers in simulators and in real cars, compare these to expected levels of comfort, and update the controllers using novel algorithms. The project's results will improve user acceptance of autonomous vehicles, as well as produce new curriculum and outreach programs related to autonomous driving. The goal of the project is to understand human perceived safety and comfort in autonomous driving and examine and bilaterally adapt the interactions between humans and autonomous vehicles in order to enhance the human perception (i.e., perceived safety and comfort) while simultaneously enhancing the vehicle performance (i.e., technical driving safety and comfort). In particular, the proposed research will (a) understand the factors affecting the human perceived safety and comfort and investigate how to quantify human perceived safety and comfort using physiological signals, (b) investigate general human and autonomous driving models and online bilateral adaptation strategies to improve the driving safety and comfort, and (c) evaluate the research outcomes using both simulated and real autonomous vehicles. The research will contribute to improving the safety and comfort of autonomous driving and is scalable to other human-autonomy interaction contexts as well.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.